https://code-reference.com/ 2026-06-21T05:28:29+02:00 https://code-reference.com/ https://code-reference.com/ttps://code-reference.com/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/images/favicon.ico text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/abort?rev=1708041892&do=diff abort #include <stdlib.h> void abort(void); Cause abnormal program termination, and try to catch SIGABRT. no return value C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ /* for printf */ #include <stdlib.h> int main( void ) { int x=2,y=5,i; i=x+y; printf("x = %i | y = %i\n", x, y); abort(); /* will never execute, abort will terminate the programm */ printf("result of %i+%i= %i… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/abs?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int abs(int i); computes the absolute value of the integer i C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ /* for printf */ #include <stdlib.h> int main( void ) { int i = -42; printf("abs from i = %d\n", abs(i)); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/atexit?rev=1708041890&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int atexit(void (*func)(void)); Description The atexit function registers the given function to be called at normal process termination atexit returns the value 0 if successful, otherwise it returns a nonzero value. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/atof?rev=1708041888&do=diff atof #include <stdlib.h> double atof(const char *str); Description The atof() function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to by nptr to double. The behavior is the same as strtod(nptr, (char **) NULL); except that atof() does not detect errors. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/atoi?rev=1708041891&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int atoi(const char *str); convert a string to integer C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main(void){ char string[]="1234"; int i; printf("string = %s \n", string ); printf("int = %i \n", atoi(string) ); i = atoi(string); i = i + i; printf("i + i = %i\n", i); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/atol?rev=1708041891&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> long int atol(const char *str); convert a string to long integer C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main(void){ char string[]="1234"; long int i; printf("string = %s \n", string ); printf("int = %li \n", atol(string) ); i = atol(string); i = i + i; printf("i + i = %li\n", i); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/bsearch?rev=1708041888&do=diff bsearch #include <stdlib.h> void *bsearch(const void *key, const void *base, size_t nitems, size_t size, int (*compare)(const void *, const void *)); key - The element that is searched for base - pointer to the first element of the array to be searched nitems - number of elements in the array size - size of a single element compare - comparison function to compare two elements together. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/calloc?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> void *calloc(size_t nitems, size_t size); description The calloc() function shall allocate unused space for an array of nelem elements each of whose size in bytes is elsize. The space shall be initialized to all bits 0. The order and contiguity of storage allocated by successive calls to calloc() is unspecified. The pointer returned if the allocation succeeds shall be suitably aligned so that it may be assigned to a pointer to any type of object and then used… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/div?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> div_t div(int numerator, int denominator); calculates the quotient and remainder from division. div C Sourcecode Example /* * div c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/div */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main( void ) { int numerator, denominator; printf("please type in numerator and denominator for div\n"); printf("numerator :"); s… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/div_t?rev=1708041889&do=diff div_t Structure returned by div Structure used to represent the value of an integral division performed by div. It has two members of the same type, defined in either order as: int quot; int rem; text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/exit?rev=1708041892&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> void exit(int status); exit causes the termination of a program. To the environment in which the program was started, a return code will be sent. exit C Sourcecode Example /* * exit c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/exit */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int exittest ( int testval ) { if (testval == 3 ) { exit (1); } return 0; } int main(… text/html 2014-10-12T05:22:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/free?rev=1413084164&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> void free(void *ptr); description The free() function shall cause the space pointed to by ptr to be deallocated; that is, made available for further allocation. If ptr is a null pointer, no action shall occur. Otherwise, if the argument does not match a pointer earlier returned by the calloc(), malloc(), posix_memalign(), realloc(), or strdup() function, or if the space has been deallocated by a call to free() or realloc(), the behavior is undefined. Any use of … text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/getenv?rev=1708041890&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *getenv(const char *name); getenv matches the string pointed to by name returns a pointer to the value in the environment, or NULL if there is no match. getenv C Sourcecode Example /* * getenv example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/getenv */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main ( void ) { char *env; env = getenv ("USER"); if (env!=NULL)… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/itoa?rev=1708041889&do=diff description of itoa itoa is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of itoa c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/labs?rev=1708041890&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> long int labs(long int x); computes the absolute value of a long integer returns the absolute value of a number the case of a negative number the sign is reversed, a positive number is returned unchanged. labs is functionally equivalent to abs (), but uses the data type long int text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/ldiv?rev=1708041890&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> ldiv_t ldiv(long int numerator, long int denominator); calculate the quotient and remainder in integer division (long integer). ldiv C Sourcecode Example /* * ldiv c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/ldiv */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main( void ) { long int numerator, denominator; printf("please type in (long int) numerator and de… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/ldiv_t?rev=1708041891&do=diff Structure used to represent the value of an integral division performed by div or ldiv. It has two members of the same type, defined in either order as: long quot; long rem; text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/ltoa?rev=1708041891&do=diff description of ltoa ltoa is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of ltoa c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/malloc?rev=1708041892&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> void *malloc(size_t size); description The malloc() function shall allocate unused space for an object whose size in bytes is specified by size and whose value is unspecified. The order and contiguity of storage allocated by successive calls to malloc() is unspecified. The pointer returned if the allocation succeeds shall be suitably aligned so that it may be assigned to a pointer to any type of object and then used to access such an object in the space allocated… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mb_cur_max?rev=1708041889&do=diff MB_CUR_MAX #define MB_CUR_MAX <rvalue integer expression >= 1> The macro yields the maximum number of characters that constitute a multibyte character in the current locale. Its value is <= MB_LEN_MAX. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mblen?rev=1708041890&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int mblen(const char *str, size_t n); Description Determines how many bytes are used for a character. <setlocale.h> is for this example nessesary mblen C Sourcecode Example 1 /* * mblen example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mblen */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> #include <locale.h> /* for setlocale */ int main(void) { setlocale(LC_ALL,""); … text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mbstowcs?rev=1708041891&do=diff mbstowcs #include <stdlib.h> size_t mbstowcs(schar_t *pwcs, const char *str, size_t n); Description mbstowcs converts multibyte characters to wide characters mbstowcs c sourcecode example /* * mbstowcs example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mbstowcs */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main( void ) { char mbinput[8] = "\x54\x65\x73\x74\x20\x31\x32"; wchar_t output[8]; size_t wcssize; wcssize = mbstowcs(output, mbinput, 8); … text/html 2014-06-27T15:56:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mbtowc?rev=1403877396&do=diff mbtowc #include <stdlib.h> int mbtowc(whcar_t *pwc, const char *str, size_t n); Description converts a multibyte character into a wide character. <setlocale.h> <wchar.h> is for this example nessesary mbtowc C Sourcecode Example /* * mbtowc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mbtowc */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <wchar.h> /* wint_t*/ #include <locale.h> /* setlocale*/ int main(void) { wchar_t wchar; char string[] = "mbtowc: 測試… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/qsort?rev=1708041892&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> void qsort(void *base, size_t nitems, size_t size, int (*compar)(const void *, const void*)); Description base = Pointer to elements nitems = Number of elements size = Size of one element compar = Pointer to comparison function text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/rand?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int rand(void); Description Generates a random Number <time.h> is for this example nessesary rand C Sourcecode Example 1 /* * rand example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/rand */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> /* for srand salt */ int main ( void ) { int i; /* initialize random generator */ /* without srand, rand will generate only once random numbers */ srand ( time(NULL) ); /* comment it out to see what happen… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/rand_max?rev=1708041892&do=diff #define RAND_MAX <integer constant expression >= 32,767> The macro yields the maximum value returned by rand. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/realloc?rev=1708041890&do=diff realloc #include <stdlib.h> void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t size); description The realloc() function shall change the size of the memory object pointed to by ptr to the size specified by size. The contents of the object shall remain unchanged up to the lesser of the new and old sizes. If the new size of the memory object would require movement of the object, the space for the previous instantiation of the object is freed. If the new size is larger, the contents of the newly a… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/sizeof?rev=1708041890&do=diff “New” sizeof #include <stdlib.h> int sizeof(VALUE); sizeof operator returns the number of bytes to be reserved for a variable or a data type. C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <stdlib.h> //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main(void){ printf("int: %d bytes\n", sizeof(int) ); printf("Hello World: %d bytes\n", sizeof("Hello World") ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/srand?rev=1708041890&do=diff srand #include <stdlib.h> void srand(unsigned int seed); Description srand is used to initialize the random number generator. The use of date / time to initialize the generator means that the generated sequence of numbers “random” is. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/strtod?rev=1708041892&do=diff strtod #include <stdlib.h> double strtod(const char *str, char **endptr); strtod converts a string into a double variable strtod c code example /* * strtod example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/strtod */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main ( void ) { char string[] ="2040 strtod string 5"; char *endptr; double number; number = strtod(string, &endptr); printf("String is %s\n",string); printf("Double is %f\n", number); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/strtol?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> long int strtol(const char *str, char **endptr, int base); strtol Converting a string to an long integer str: the string to be converted endptr: address of a pointer variable that points to the last character read, so the character that is not owned by a number base: base between 2 and 36 Be found unprefixed numbers, these numbers in base 10 are accepted. If the base '0 'is specified, the strings make a reference to the basis used (leading “0x” for hexadecimal, … text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/strtoul?rev=1708041891&do=diff strtoul #include <stdlib.h> unsigned long int strtoul(const char *str, char **endptr, int base); strtoul Converting a string to an unsigned long integer str: the string to be converted endptr: address of a pointer variable that points to the last character read, so the character that is not owned by a number base: base between 2 and 36 Be found unprefixed numbers, these numbers in base 10 are accepted. If the base '0 'is specified, the strings make a reference to the basis use… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/system?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int system(const char *string); system calls a command on the shell system c code example /* * system example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/system */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main (void) { char * command = "uname -a"; int cmd = system( command ); if( cmd == -1 ) { printf( "Error while initalize system command.\n"); } else if( cmd > 0 ) { printf( "command return value %d.\n", cmd ); } else printf( "success\n" )… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/wcstombs?rev=1708041888&do=diff wcstombs #include <stdlib.h> size_t wcstombs(char *str, const wchar_t *pwcs, size_t n); Description wcstombs converts a wide character string into a multibyte character string. conversion stops after the size n is reached. The behavior of wcstombs is affected by the LC_CTYPE category of the current locale text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/wctomb?rev=1708041891&do=diff wctomb #include <stdlib.h> int wctomb(char *str, wchar_t wchar); Description wctomb converts a wide character to a multibyte character in the string. wctomb maximum MB_CUR_MAX sign stores in a string. The behavior of wctomb is affected by the LC_CTYPE category of the current locale