https://code-reference.com/ 2026-05-18T19:23:04+02:00 https://code-reference.com/ https://code-reference.com/ttps://code-reference.com/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/images/favicon.ico text/html 2024-02-16T00:48:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h?rev=1708040905&do=diff Mathematical functions Library Description acos computes arc cosine asin computes arc sine atan computes arc tangent atan2 computes arc tangent, using signs to determine quadrants ceil returns the nearest integer not less than the given value cos computes cosine cosh computes hyperbolic cosine exp ret… text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:06+02:00 https://code-reference.com/lua/codea/stargenerator/star.lua?rev=1708042326&do=diff Star = class() function Star:init(init) -- you can accept and set parameters here self.mx = 500 self.my = 400 if init == true then self.x = math.random(self.mx-10,self.mx+10) self.y = math.random(self.my-10,self.my+10) self.size = math.random(1,3) else self.x = math.random(1,1200) self.y = math.random(1,1200) self.size = math.random(1,6) end self.xspeed = math.random(1,10) self.yspeed = math.random(1,10) se… text/html 2024-02-16T00:48:18+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/math?rev=1708040898&do=diff math Overview Name Description abs abs constrain constrain map map max max min min pow pow sqrt sqrt automatically generated overview ... Change this page if you have a better description text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:03+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/lang/math/random?rev=1708042323&do=diff Math.random() double; generate a 'double' random number example of Math.random in java package codereferececomjava; public class CodeRefereceComJava { public static void main(String[] args) { double randomDigit; randomDigit = Math.random(); System.out.println(randomDigit); // random number as double System.out.println(randomDigit*1000+1); //double random number between 1-1000 System.out.println((int)(randomDigit*1000+1)); //double random … text/html 2013-01-24T04:03:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/lua/codea/stargenerator/main.lua?rev=1358996634&do=diff -- stars function setup() displayMode(FULLSCREEN) createstars() checkagain = false end function createstars() stars = {} for i = 1,175 do --rx = math.random(1,1200) -- ry= math.random(1,800) s= Star(true) --u = { x=rx, y=ry} table.insert(stars,s) end for i = 1,50 do --rx = math.random(1,1200) -- ry= math.random(1,800) s= Star(false) --u = { x=rx, y=ry} table.insert(stars,s) end … text/html 2013-04-10T10:12:06+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/lang/math/round?rev=1365581526&do=diff rounds a number example of round in java package roundanumber; import java.lang.Math; public class Roundanumber { public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO code application logic here double number, number2; number = 33.384422; number2 = 33.898823; System.out.println("number: " + Math.round(number)); System.out.println("number2: " + Math.round(number2)); } } text/html 2013-04-15T09:30:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/io/printstream/format?rev=1366011044&do=diff format args to the format string format and write the result to the stream format(String format, Object... args); return value: stream sign Description 0 if the place is not busy they prints a 0 # if the place is not busy they prints nothing . decimal separator Separates and decimal places. , Groups the numbers (a group is as large as the distance from ”,” to ”.”). ; Delimiter. To the left of the pattern is positive, the right for negative numbers. - The default character for the negative… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:11+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/float?rev=1708041851&do=diff Description Datatype for floating-point numbers, a number that has a decimal point. Floating-point numbers are often used to approximate analog and continuous values because they have greater resolution than integers. Floating-point numbers can be as large as 3.4028235E+38 and as low as -3.4028235E+38. They are stored as 32 bits (4 bytes) of information. text/html 2013-05-27T18:35:18+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/util/scanner?rev=1369672518&do=diff Reads input from a Keyboard, or a Device CODE_SIGN_IDENTITY --verify --file-list --display -r- Terminal.app example Scanner in java package scanner; import java.util.Scanner; public class Scanner { public static void main(String[] args) { /* Create Scanner Object for the input from the keyboard */ Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in); double currency, amount, exchangeRate; String currencyName, newCurrency; … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:35+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/atan?rev=1708041935&do=diff atan double atan(double); calculates acustangens from a number C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc atan.c -o atan -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ){ double a=0.2; printf("atan from %f is %f\n", a, atan(a) * 90 / 3.17); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/exp?rev=1708041937&do=diff double exp(double); calculates the exponential value of a number C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc exp.c -o exp -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double x; x = 9.0; printf("the exponential value of %f is %f\n", x, exp(x)); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/tanh?rev=1708041936&do=diff tanh double tanh(double); Returns hyperbolic tangent of a radian angle x. C Sourcecode Example compile with tanh.c -o tanh -lm #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main( void ) { double x; x = log(42); printf ("hyperbolic tangent of 42 is %lf\n", tanh (x) ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/floor?rev=1708041937&do=diff floor double floor(double); rounding down a number C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc floor.c -o floor -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double y,x; x = 4.2; y = 9.9; printf("floor of %f is %f\n", x, floor(x) ); printf("floor of %f is %f\n ",y , floor(y) ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/fmod?rev=1708041937&do=diff fmod double fmod(double, double ); returns the remainder of a statement C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc fmod.c -o fmod -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double y,x; x = 9; y = 4.2; printf("rest of %f / %f is %f\n", x, y, fmod(x,y) ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/tan?rev=1708041937&do=diff tan double tan(double); Returns the tangent of a radian angle x. C Sourcecode Example compile with gcc tan.c -o tan -lm #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main( void ) { double x; x = 42; printf ("tan of %lf° is %lf\n", x, tan (x*3.1415/180)); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:21+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/math/max?rev=1708041861&do=diff Description Calculates the maximum of two numbers. Parameters x: the first number, any data type y: the second number, any data type Returns The larger of the two parameter values. Example sensVal = max(senVal, 20); // assigns sensVal to the larger of sensVal or 20 // (effectively ensuring that it is at least 20) text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/pow?rev=1708041937&do=diff pow double pow(double, double ); pow() returns base raised to the exp power. C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc pow.c -o pow -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main( void ) { printf ("4 to the 2th power is: %lf\n ", pow(4, 2)); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/atan2?rev=1708041937&do=diff atan2 double atan2(double , double ); calculates arctangent from 2 numbers C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc atan2.c -o atan2 -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ){ double a=1.2, b=-2.6; printf("atan2 from %f and %f is %f\n", a, b, atan2(a, b) * 90 / 3.17); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/sinh?rev=1708041936&do=diff sinh double sinh(double); return the hyperbolic sinus C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc sinh.c -o sinh -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main (void) { double x; x = log(4.2); printf ("hyperbolic sine of %lf is %lf\n", x, sinh(x) ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/sqrt?rev=1708041936&do=diff sqrt double sqrt(double); returns the square root C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc sqrt.c -o sqrt -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { printf ("square root from 4.2 is %f\n", sqrt (4.2) ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:35+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/log10?rev=1708041935&do=diff double log10(double); base-10 logarithm of a number C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc log10.c -o log10 -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double x; x = log10(42000); printf("The log10 of 42000 is %f\n",x); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/ldexp?rev=1708041937&do=diff ldexp double ldexp(double , int exp); Returns x times 2 raised to n C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc ldexp.c -o ldexp -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { printf ("4.2 raised to 2 is %f\n", ldexp(4.2, 2)); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:35+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/fabs?rev=1708041935&do=diff fabs double fabs(double); calculates the absolute number of a given value C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc fabs.c -o fabs -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double y,x; x = 4.2422; y = -3284.2; printf("the fabs of 4.2422 is %f\n", fabs(x) ); printf("and the fabs of -3284.2 is %f\n ", fabs(y) ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/log?rev=1708041936&do=diff log double log(double); Natural logarithm of a number C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc log.c -o log -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double x; x = log(1.3); printf("The log is %f\n",x); return 0; } text/html 2018-01-12T07:29:08+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino?rev=1515738548&do=diff Arduino Reference Overview Name Description advanced io Overview advanced I/O analog io Overview analog I/O arithmetic operators Overview arithmetic operators bits and bytes Overview bits and bytes bitwise operators Overview bitwise operators boolean operators Overview boolean operators communication Overview communication constants Overview constants control structures Overview control structures conversion Overview conversion data types Overview data types digital io Ove… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:35+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/cos?rev=1708041935&do=diff double cos(double); calculates the cosine of a degree C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc cos.c -o cos -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double x; x = 90; printf("the cosine of %f ° is %f\n", x, cos(x*3.14159/42)); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:20+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/math/min?rev=1708041860&do=diff Description Calculates the minimum of two numbers. Parameters x: the first number, any data type y: the second number, any data type Returns The smaller of the two numbers. Examples sensVal = min(sensVal, 100); // assigns sensVal to the smaller of sensVal or 100 // ensuring that it never gets above 100. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/ceil?rev=1708041936&do=diff double ceil(double); rounding up floating point C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc ceil.c -o ceil -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main () { printf ("ceil from 4.2 is %f\n", ceil (4.2) ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:20+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/math/map?rev=1708041860&do=diff Description Re-maps a number from one range to another. That is, a value of fromLow would get mapped to toLow, a value of fromHigh to toHigh, values in-between to values in-between, etc. Does not constrain values to within the range, because out-of-range values are sometimes intended and useful. The constrain() function may be used either before or after this function, if limits to the ranges are desired. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/asin?rev=1708041937&do=diff double asin(double); calculates arcsine from a number C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc asin.c -o asin -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ){ double a=0.2; printf("asin from %f is %f\n", a, asin(a) * 90 / 3.17); return 0; } text/html 2013-02-15T19:15:27+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/arithmetic_operators/arithmetic?rev=1360952127&do=diff Description These operators return the sum, difference, product, or quotient (respectively) of the two operands. The operation is conducted using the data type of the operands, so, for example, 9 / 4 gives 2 since 9 and 4 are ints. This also means that the operation can overflow if the result is larger than that which can be stored in the data type (e.g. adding 1 to an int with the value 32,767 gives -32,768). If the operands are of different types, the “larger” type is used for the calculat… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/modf?rev=1708041936&do=diff modf double modf(double , double *int); Splits completely paid off and returns the fractional part of x. C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc modf.c -o modf -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double i, result; result=modf(4.2, &i); printf ("%lf + %lf = %lf \n", i, result, 4.2 ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:35+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/cosh?rev=1708041935&do=diff double cosh(double); calculates the hyperbolic cosine of a number C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc cosh.c -o cosh -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double x; x = log(1.3); printf("The log is %f\n",x); printf("the hyperbolic cosine of %f is %f\n", x, cosh(x)); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:37+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/acos?rev=1708041937&do=diff acos double acos(double); calculates arccosine Linux: compile with gcc acos.c -o acos -lm -Wall C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ){ double a=0.2; printf("acos from %f is %f\n", a, acos(a) * 90 / 3.17); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:35+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/sin?rev=1708041935&do=diff sin double sin(double); return the sinus C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc sin.c -o sin -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main (void) { double x; x = 42.0; printf ("sine of %lf° is %lf\n", x, sin(x*3.1415/80) ); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:21+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/math/constrain?rev=1708041861&do=diff Description Constrains a number to be within a range. Parameters x: the number to constrain, all data types a: the lower end of the range, all data types b: the upper end of the range, all data types Returns x: if x is between a and b a: if x is less than a text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/math.h/frexp?rev=1708041936&do=diff frexp double frexp(double); Mantissa m. in *n is the exponent. C Sourcecode Example compile in linux with: gcc frexp.c -o frexp -lm -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <math.h> /* including math library */ int main ( void ) { double x; int n; x = 42.0; printf ("%lf * 2^%d = %f\n", frexp (x , &n), n, x); return 0; } text/html 2018-01-12T07:29:08+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c?rev=1515738548&do=diff Online reference for the C (standard) library C is an imperative programming language that the computer scientist Dennis Ritchie developed in the early 1970s at Bell Laboratories for System Programming of the operating system Unix. C Library Overview Library Description assert.h Overview assertion ctype.h character classification math.h mathematical functions mysql Overview MySQL implementation stdarg.h Overview … text/html 2013-04-16T03:30:45+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/pow?rev=1366075845&do=diff float pow(float base, float exponent); double pow(double base, double exponent); double pow(double base, int exponent); pow() returns base raised to the exp power. cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main( void ) { //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "4 raised to the 2nd power is: " << pow(4, 2) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/sinh?rev=1708041879&do=diff sinh double sinh(double); return the hyperbolic sinus cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main (void) { double x; x = log(4.2); //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "hyperbolic sine of " << x << " is " << sinh(x) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/log10?rev=1708041879&do=diff log10 double log10(double); base-10 logarithm of a number cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double x; x = log10(42000); //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "The log10 of 42000 is " << x << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/bitwise_operators/bitshift?rev=1708041855&do=diff Description From The Bitmath Tutorial in The Playground There are two bit shift operators in C++: the left shift operator << and the right shift operator >>. These operators cause the bits in the left operand to be shifted left or right by the number of positions specified by the right operand.\ More on bitwise math may be found here. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/bitwise_operators/bitwiseand?rev=1708041855&do=diff Bitwise AND (&) The bitwise operators perform their calculations at the bit level of variables. They help solve a wide range of common programming problems. Much of the material below is from an excellent tutorial on bitwise math wihch may be found here. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:22+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/time/millis?rev=1708041862&do=diff Description Returns the number of milliseconds since the Arduino board began running the current program. This number will overflow (go back to zero), after approximately 50 days. Parameters None Returns Number of milliseconds since the program started (unsigned long) text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/ldexp?rev=1708041880&do=diff ldexp double ldexp(double , int exp); Returns x times 2 raised to n cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "4.2 raised to 2 is " << ldexp(4.2, 2) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:38+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/cos?rev=1708041878&do=diff double cos(double); calculates the cosine of a degree cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double x, res; x = 90; res = cos(x*3.14159/42); //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "the cosine of " << x << " ° is " << res << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:21+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/math/pow?rev=1708041861&do=diff Description Calculates the value of a number raised to a power. Pow() can be used to raise a number to a fractional power. This is useful for generating exponential mapping of values or curves. Parameters base: the number (float) exponent: the power to which the base is raised (float) text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:10+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/unsignedint?rev=1708041850&do=diff Description On the Uno and other ATMEGA based boards, unsigned ints (unsigned integers) are the same as ints in that they store a 2 byte value. Instead of storing negative numbers however they only store positive values, yielding a useful range of 0 to 65,535 (2^16) - 1). text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:38+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/cosh?rev=1708041878&do=diff double cosh(double); calculates the hyperbolic cosine of a number cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double x,res; x = log(1.3); res = cosh(x); //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "The log is " << x << endl; cout << "the hyperbolic cosine of " << x << " is " << res << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/tanh?rev=1708041879&do=diff tanh double tanh(double); Returns hyperbolic tangent of a radian angle x. cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main( void ) { double x; x = log(42); //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "hyperbolic tangent of 42 is " << tanh (x) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:20+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/math/abs?rev=1708041860&do=diff Description Computes the absolute value of a number. Parameters x: the number Returns x: if x is greater than or equal to 0. -x: if x is less than 0. Warning Because of the way the abs() function is implemented, avoid using other functions inside the brackets, it may lead to incorrect results. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:20+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/math/sqrt?rev=1708041860&do=diff Description Calculates the square root of a number. Parameters x: the number, any data type Returns double, the number's square root. See also * pow(base, exponent) * sq Source: arduino.cc text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:38+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/atan?rev=1708041878&do=diff double atan(double); calculates acustangens from a number cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ){ double a=0.2, res=0; res = atan(a) * 90 / 3.17; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "atan from " << a << " is " << res << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/asin?rev=1708041880&do=diff double asin(double); calculates arcsine from a number cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ){ double a=0.2, res=0; res = asin(a) * 90 / 3.17; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "asin from " << a << " is " << res << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/ceil?rev=1708041879&do=diff double ceil(double); rounding up floating point cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double res = 0; res = ceil (4.2); //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "ceil from 4.2 is " << res << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:12+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/int?rev=1708041852&do=diff Description Integers are your primary data-type for number storage. On the Arduino Uno (and other ATMega based boards) an int stores a 16-bit (2-byte) value. This yields a range of -32,768 to 32,767 (minimum value of -2^15 and a maximum value of (2^15) - 1). text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:16+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/constants/integerconstants?rev=1708041856&do=diff Integer constants are numbers used directly in a sketch, like 123. By default, these numbers are treated as int's but you can change this with the U and L modifiers (see below). Normally, integer constants are treated as base 10 (decimal) integers, but special notation (formatters) may be used to enter numbers in other bases. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/modf?rev=1708041879&do=diff modf double modf(double , double *int); Splits completely paid off and returns the fractional part of x. cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double i, result; result=modf(4.2, &i); //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << i << " + " << result << " = 4.2 " << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/tan?rev=1708041880&do=diff tan double tan(double); Returns the tangent of a radian angle x. cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main( void ) { double x; x = 42; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "tan of " << x << "° is " << tan (x*3.1415/180) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/log?rev=1708041879&do=diff log double log(double); Natural logarithm of a number cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double x; x = log(1.3); //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "The log is " << x << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:38+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/sin?rev=1708041878&do=diff sin double sin(double); return the sinus cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main (void) { double x; x = 42.0; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "sine of " << x << "° is " << sin(x*3.1415/80) << endl;; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/sqrt?rev=1708041879&do=diff sqrt double sqrt(double); returns the square root cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "square root from 4.2 is " << sqrt (4.2) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2013-02-17T00:49:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strerror?rev=1361058590&do=diff #include <string.h> //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ char *strerror(int errnum); Description returns a pointer to a string that describes the error code passed in the argument errnum compile this example with the compiler flag -lm text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/exp?rev=1708041880&do=diff double exp(double); calculates the exponential value of a number cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double x; x = 9.0; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "the exponential value of " << x << " is " << exp(x) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/fmod?rev=1708041880&do=diff fmod double fmod(double, double ); returns the remainder of a statement cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double y,x; x = 9; y = 4.2; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "rest of " << x << " / " << y << " is " << fmod(x,y) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:38+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/fabs?rev=1708041878&do=diff fabs double fabs(double); calculates the absolute number of a given value cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double y,x; x = 4.2422; y = -3284.2; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "the fabs of 4.2422 is " << fabs(x) << endl; cout << "and the fabs of -3284.2 is " << fabs(y) << endl; r… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/floor?rev=1708041880&do=diff floor double floor(double); rounding down a number cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double y,x; x = 4.2; y = 9.9; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "floor of " << x << " is " << floor(x) << endl; cout << "floor of " << y << " is " << floor(y) << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/frexp?rev=1708041879&do=diff frexp double frexp(double); Mantissa m. in *n is the exponent. cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ) { double x; int n; x = 42.0; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << frexp (x, &n) << " * 2^" << n << " = " << x << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/atan2?rev=1708041880&do=diff double atan2(double , double ); calculates arctangent from 2 numbers cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ){ double a=1.2, b=-2.6, res; res = atan2(a, b) * 90 / 3.17; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(7); cout << "atan2 from " << a << " and " << b << " is " << res << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cmath/acos?rev=1708041880&do=diff double acos(double); calculates arccosine cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cmath> /* including math library */ using namespace std; int main ( void ){ double a=0.2, res=0; res = acos(a) * 90 / 3.17; //cout.setf(ios::fixed, ios::floatfield); cout.precision(8); cout << "acos from " << a << " is " << res << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:13+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/variable_scope_and_qualifiers/const?rev=1708041853&do=diff The const keyword stands for constant. It is a variable qualifier that modifies the behavior of the variable, making a variable ”read-only”. This means that the variable can be used just as any other variable of its type, but its value cannot be changed. You will get a compiler error if you try to assign a value to a const variable.