https://code-reference.com/ 2026-05-19T01:05:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/ https://code-reference.com/ttps://code-reference.com/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/images/favicon.ico text/html 2024-02-16T00:48:21+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype?rev=1708040901&do=diff character classification Function Description isalnum checks if char is alphanumeric isalpha checks if char is alphabetic isascii checks if char is an ascii char isblank checks if char is blank iscntrl checks if char is a control char isdigit checks if char is a digit isgraph checks if char is printing character except space (' ') islower checks… text/html 2024-02-16T00:48:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h?rev=1708040905&do=diff character classification Function Description isalnum checks if char is alphanumeric isalpha checks if char is alphabetic isascii checks if char is an ascii char isblank checks if char is blank iscntrl checks if char is a control char isdigit checks if char is a digit isgraph checks if char is printing character except space (' ') islower checks… text/html 2024-02-16T00:48:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h?rev=1708040903&do=diff Function Description BUFSIZ (integer value) size of the buffer clearerr Clears end-of-file and error indicators for a stream fclose Close the current stream / file feof Checks for the end-of-file ferror Checks for a stream error fflush Synchronises an output stream with the actual file fgetc Reads a byte/char from a file stream fgetpos Gets the stream position indicator fgets Reads … text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:16+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/constants/progmem?rev=1708041856&do=diff Store data in flash (program) memory instead of SRAM. There's a description of the various types of memory available on an Arduino board. The PROGMEM keyword is a variable modifier, it should be used only with the datatypes defined in pgmspace.h. It tells the compiler “put this information into flash memory”, instead of into SRAM, where it would normally go. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:22+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isascii?rev=1708041922&do=diff isascii int isascii(int char); a macro that tests if a char a ASCII char (0-127) is C Sourcecode Example /* * isascii example code * http://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isascii */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test ÖÄ%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isascii(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("character %i isascii ch… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:12+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/string?rev=1708041852&do=diff Description Text strings can be represented in two ways. you can use the String data type, which is part of the core as of version 0019, or you can make a string out of an array of type char and null-terminate it. This page described the latter method. For more details on the String object, which gives you more functionality at the cost of more memory, see the String object page. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:22+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isprint?rev=1708041922&do=diff isprint int isprint(int chr); tests if character is printable C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isprint(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is printable char\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/hostscanner?rev=1708041925&do=diff #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #define fir 16777216 #define sec 65536 #define the 256 int s; struct sockaddr_in addr; char rmt_host[100]; int skan(port) int port; { int r; s = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if (s < 0) { printf("ERROR: socket() failed\n"); exit(0); } addr.sin_family = PF_INET; addr.sin_port = htons(port); addr.sin_addr.s_addr = … text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:33+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/isprint?rev=1708041873&do=diff isprint int isprint(int chr); tests if character is printable cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <string> #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main ( void ) { int i; string str="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isprint(str[i]) != 0 ) { cout << "Character " << i << " is printable char" << endl; } } return 0; } text/html 2014-04-05T05:08:20+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strlen?rev=1396667300&do=diff size_t strlen(const char *str); calculates the size of a char array C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main (void) { char ss[20] = "hello world"; int length = strlen(ss); int i; printf ("strlen is %i\n", length); for ( i = 0; i < length ; ++ i ) printf ("iam at char count %i\n", i); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T00:48:24+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/limits.h?rev=1708040904&do=diff limits.h Overview Name Description char_bit char_bit char_max char_max char_min char_min int_max int_max int_min int_min long_max long_max long_min long_min schar_max schar_max schar_min schar_min shrt_max shrt_max shrt_min shrt_min uchar_max uchar_max uchar_min uchar_min uint_max uint_max ulong_max ulong_max ushrt_max ushrt_max automatically generated overview ... Change this page if you have a better description text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/mysql_bruteforce?rev=1708041925&do=diff MySQL Bruteforce written while a boring day more information on <http://code-reference.com> #include <stdio.h> #include <mysql/mysql.h> #include <curses.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> // Deutsch oder English #define GER 1 #define ENG 0 /* ************************************************************************************************** * MYSQL Bruteforce Programm aus purer lange Weile geschrieben * 23.03 2010 by cd * * gcc mysql-bruteforce.c -o mysql-bruteforce -lmysqlcli… text/html 2013-02-28T01:21:08+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_escape_string?rev=1362010868&do=diff unsigned long mysql_escape_string(MYSQL *mysql, char *to, const char *from, unsigned long length) description of mysql_escape_string mysql_escape_string escape a mysql string ” will be escaped ; will not be escaped ! mysql_escape_string is outdated use mysql_real_escape_string instead ! text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:07+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_real_connect?rev=1708042327&do=diff #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *mysql_real_connect( MYSQL *mysql, const char *host, const char *user, const char *password, const char *database, unsigned int port, const char *unix_socket, unsigned int client_flag ); text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/conversion/charcast?rev=1708041865&do=diff Description Converts a value to the char data type. Syntax char(x) Parameters x: a value of any type Returns char See also * char Source: arduino.cc text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/ftp_scanner?rev=1708041925&do=diff simple ftp scanner written by MoD and ZehDeh 2001 example of a simple ftp scanner in c #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/select.h> void logintoftp(); char tmp[256]; char name[300], pass[300], buf[300], buf2[300]; char snd[1024], rcv[1024]; int n; int sockfd; int main(int argc, char **argv) { char sendln[1024], recvln[4048], buf1[800], buf2[1000]; char *p, *q; int len, offset =… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/gettextsettings?rev=1708041950&do=diff gettextsettings Syntax of gettextsettings #include <graphics.h> void gettextsettings(struct textsettingstype *texttypeinfo); Description of gettextsettings gettextsettings fills the textsettingstype structure pointed to by textinfo with information about the current text font, direction, size, and justification. The textsettingstype structure used by gettextsettings is defined in graphics.h as follows: struct textsettingstype { int font; int direction; int charsize; int hori… text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcspn?rev=1708041975&do=diff #include <string.h> //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ size_t strcspn(const char *str1, const char *str2); Description strcspn find the first occurrence of any character in str2 strcspn C Example Code /* * strcspn c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcspn */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> /* for strlen */ int main ( void ) { char string[] = "te=st@code-reference.com"; char search_keys[] = "?! ,$%:;&/()="; … text/html 2013-02-23T18:10:45+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strtok?rev=1361639445&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *strtok(char *str1, const char *str2); description of strtok Function strtok breaks a string (str1) into individual strings based on the so-called token. The string is separated by one delimiter (str2). “str2” may contain multiple tokens, e.g. str2 = “\ n” (ie separation in space, comma, New Line, Point). text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:42+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fscanf?rev=1708041942&do=diff fscanf int fscanf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...); Performs formatted input conversion, reading from stream stream according to format format. The function returns when format is fully processed. Returns number of items converted and assigned, or EOF if end-of-file or error occurs before any conversion. Each of the arguments following format must be a pointer. Format string may contain: text/html 2013-02-26T23:03:03+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_change_user?rev=1361916183&do=diff my_bool mysql_change_user(MYSQL *mysql, const char *user, const char *password, const char *db) description of mysql_change_user mysql_change_user is used to change the current user for the actual connection #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_ROW row; MYSQL_RES *mysql_res; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(p… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/sscanf?rev=1708041941&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int sscanf(const char *str, const char *format, ...); sscanf reads formatted input text from the string addressed by source . No file input is performed. Following the format in the argument list may be one or more additional pointers addressing storage where the input values are stored. text/html 2013-02-17T01:24:56+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strpbrk?rev=1361060696&do=diff #include <string.h> char *strpbrk(char *s1, const char *s2); finds the first occurrence of a character. #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> int main( void ) { char string1[]="You can help with your experience to improve this page"; char string2[]="help"; printf("So please %s\n", strpbrk( string1, string2 ) ); return 0; } text/html 2013-02-17T03:02:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strxfrm?rev=1361066569&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> size_t strxfrm(char *str1, const char *str2, size_t n); description of strxfrm The function strxfrm () transforms a null-terminated C string according to local settings. Thus the string can be safely compared using strcmp () with another. The transformed string is stored in a new string. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/vsprintf?rev=1708041943&do=diff vsprintf int vsprintf(char *str, const char *format, va_list arg); generate a string from a format string. For this purpose, the buffer that is passed as first argument, the format string is copied and replaces the substitution symbol with the given parameters. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/iscntrl?rev=1708041923&do=diff iscntrl int iscntrl(int chr); Tests if a character a control character C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test\n-!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( iscntrl(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is a control char\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2013-02-17T02:13:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strspn?rev=1361063627&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> size_t strspn(const char *str1, const char *str2); strspn C Sourcecode Example /* * strspn example code * http://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strspn */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main( void ) { const char string[] = "the answer is 42"; int pos = strspn(string, "the answer = 42"); printf("different char at position :%d\n",pos+1); return 0; } text/html 2013-02-25T15:56:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/snprintf?rev=1361804212&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int snprintf(char *restrict s, size_t n, const char *restrict format, ...); description of snprintf The function snprintf() format the format specified by arguments of the printf format specification and writes the result to the specified string by dest. size specifies the maximum length of the string at least. The string in least receive in any case a terminating NULL character. In no… text/html 2013-02-12T23:23:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/ungetch?rev=1360707830&do=diff int ungetch(int ch); description of ungetch Pushes a character back into the keyboard buffer. return Successful execution ungetch returns the character ch. If an error occurs, the function returns EOF. #include <stdio.h> #include <ctype.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { int i=0; char ch; puts("Input an integer followed by a char:"); while((ch = getche()) != EOF && isdigit(ch)) i = 10 * i + ch - 48; if (ch != EOF) ungetch(ch); printf("\n\ni = %d, n… text/html 2013-02-25T16:27:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/vsscanf?rev=1361806054&do=diff int vsscanf(const char *restrict s, const char *restrict format, va_list arg); description of vsscanf The vscanf(), vfscanf(), and vsscanf() functions shall be equivalent to the scanf(), fscanf(), and sscanf() functions, respectively, except that instead of being called with a variable number of arguments, they are called with an argument list as defined in the <stdarg.h> header. These functions shall not invoke the va_end macro. As these functions invoke the va_arg macro, the value of ap aft… text/html 2013-02-17T02:32:06+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strstr?rev=1361064726&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *strstr(const char *str1, const char *str2); strstr C Sourcecode Example /* * strstr example code * http://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strstr */ #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> int main ( void ) { char str[] = "42 is the result or ? but what was the question"; char *ptr; // set the Pointer ptr to "or ?" ptr = strstr (str, "or ?"); // replace the text with "yes" strncpy (ptr, "yes", 3); printf("%s\n",str); return 0; } text/html 2013-02-17T01:55:28+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strncpy?rev=1361062528&do=diff #include <string.h> char *strncpy(char *str1, const char *str2, size_t n); Copy a given Number of Chars into another string. #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> #define MAX 5 int main( void ) { char string1[MAX]; char string2[]="Test 12345"; strncpy(string1, string2, MAX); /* Copy MAX chars from string2 to string1 */ string1[MAX]='\0'; /* Terminate String */ … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:24+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/islower?rev=1708041924&do=diff islower int islower(int chr); checks whether a character is lowercase C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( islower(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is a lower char\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2013-02-26T01:04:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_ssl_set?rev=1361837083&do=diff my_bool mysql_ssl_set(MYSQL *mysql, const char *key, const char *cert, const char *ca, const char *capath, const char *cipher) description of mysql_ssl_set mysql_ssl_set is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it text/html 2014-04-05T05:04:09+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcpy?rev=1396667049&do=diff #include <string.h> char *strcpy(char *str1, const char *str2); Description strcpy copy a c string pointed by str2 into the array pointed by str1 including the terminating null character. strcpy C Example Code /* * strcpy c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcpy */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <string.h> int main( void ) { char string[] = "copy me"; /* the size of the array is calculated automatically */ char string2[20]; … text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcmp?rev=1708041975&do=diff #include <string.h> //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int strcmp (const char *s1, const char *s) Description strcmp Compares 2 C strings. If both strings are identical, the return value of strcmp is 0. If the string s1 less than s2, the return value is less than 0, and s1 is greater than s2, then the return value greater than 0 text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:14+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcoll?rev=1708041974&do=diff int strcoll(const char *str1, const char *str2); strcoll compares 2 strings C Sourcecode Example /* * strcoll c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcoll */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> int main( void ) { char string[] = "am i the same"; char string2[] = "i whant to be the same"; char string3[] = "am i the same"; if( strcoll(string,string2) != 0 ) printf( "%s… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:11+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/char?rev=1708041851&do=diff Description A data type that takes up 1 byte of memory that stores a character value. Character literals are written in single quotes, like this: [= 'A' =] (for multiple characters - strings - use double quotes: “ABC”). Characters are stored as numbers however. You can see the specific encoding in the ASCII chart. This means that it is possible to do arithmetic on characters, in which the ASCII value of the character is used (e.g. [= 'A' + 1 =] has the value 66, since the ASCII value of th… text/html 2013-02-17T01:55:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strncmp?rev=1361062552&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int strncmp(const char *str1, const char *str2, size_t n); The strcmp() function compares the two strings s1 and s2. It returns an integer less than, equal to, or greater than zero if s1 is found, respectively, to be less than, to match, or be greater than s2. The strncmp() function is similar, except it only compares the first (at most) n characters of s1 and s2. text/html 2013-02-15T20:47:55+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/variable_scope_and_qualifiers/variabledeclaration?rev=1360957675&do=diff A variable is a way of naming and storing a value for later use by the program, such as data from a sensor or an intermediate value used in a calculation. Declaring Variables Before they are used, all variables have to be declared. Declaring a variable means defining its type, and optionally, setting an initial value (initializing the variable). Variables do not have to be initialized (assigned a value) when they are declared, but it is often useful. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/strtod?rev=1708041892&do=diff strtod #include <stdlib.h> double strtod(const char *str, char **endptr); strtod converts a string into a double variable strtod c code example /* * strtod example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/strtod */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main ( void ) { char string[] ="2040 strtod string 5"; char *endptr; double number; number = strtod(string, &endptr); printf("String is %s\n",string); printf("Double is %f\n", number); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getch?rev=1708041957&do=diff getch Syntax of getch #include "graphics.h" int getch(void); Description of getch The getch function is available in the winbgim implementation of BGI graphics. You do not need to include conio.h; just include graphics.h. The function reads one character from the keyboard and returns its ASCII value (without waiting for a return key). In order to work, the user must click in the graphics window (i.e., the Windows focus must be in the graphics window). For special keys, the getch functio… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/strtoul?rev=1708041891&do=diff strtoul #include <stdlib.h> unsigned long int strtoul(const char *str, char **endptr, int base); strtoul Converting a string to an unsigned long integer str: the string to be converted endptr: address of a pointer variable that points to the last character read, so the character that is not owned by a number base: base between 2 and 36 Be found unprefixed numbers, these numbers in base 10 are accepted. If the base '0 'is specified, the strings make a reference to the basis use… text/html 2013-02-26T15:05:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_server_info?rev=1361887552&do=diff const char *mysql_get_server_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_server_info returns current remote server information compile with gcc mysql_get_server_info.c -o mysql_get_server_info `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"user"); sprintf(pass,"pass"); if (my… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isblank?rev=1708041923&do=diff isblank int isblank(int chr); Test if a char a space, only in C99 Compilers available isblank #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isblank(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is a blank char\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/strtol?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> long int strtol(const char *str, char **endptr, int base); strtol Converting a string to an long integer str: the string to be converted endptr: address of a pointer variable that points to the last character read, so the character that is not owned by a number base: base between 2 and 36 Be found unprefixed numbers, these numbers in base 10 are accepted. If the base '0 'is specified, the strings make a reference to the basis used (leading “0x” for hexadecimal, … text/html 2013-02-03T21:21:05+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/cgets?rev=1359922865&do=diff char *cgets(char *str); description of cgets Reads a string from the console. cgets reads a string of characters from the console and stores the string (and the string length) in the location pointed to by str. cgets reads as long as a sign to mark the combination carriage return / line feed (CR / LF) occurs or the maximum number of characters has been read. When reading cgets the CR / LF combination is replaced by the combination of characters \ 0 (null terminator) before the string is… text/html 2013-02-26T16:34:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_info?rev=1361892865&do=diff const char *mysql_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_info A character string containing additional information about the most recent query. NULL if no information about the request are available. compile with gcc mysql_info.c -o mysql_info `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:13+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_character_set_name?rev=1708042333&do=diff const char *mysql_character_set_name(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_character_set_name mysql_character_set_name returns the default character set for the current connection. #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(pass,"password"); if (my == NULL ) { printf("Cant initalisize MySQL\n"… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fprintf?rev=1708041941&do=diff int fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, ...); Converts (according to format format) and writes output to stream stream. Number of characters written, or negative value on error, is returned. optional flag: - left adjust + always sign 0 zero pad # Alternate form: for conversion character o, first digit will be zero, for [xX], prefix 0x or 0X to non-zero value, for [eEfgG], always decimal point, for [gG] trailing zeros not removed. optional minimum width: if specified as *… text/html 2013-02-27T23:12:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_debug?rev=1362003170&do=diff void mysql_debug(const char *debug) description of mysql_debug Use this to set debugging if the client was compiled with debugging. The set of options used by default is 'd:t:o,logname'. See the table at the end of the list of options for the mysqldump utility for an explanation of these flags and others that may be used. text/html 2013-02-03T22:47:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/limits.h/char_bit?rev=1359928073&do=diff CHAR_BIT description of CHAR_BIT bits in char (8) text/html 2013-02-17T01:47:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strrchr?rev=1361062063&do=diff strrchr #include <stdlib.h> char *strrchr(const char *str, int c); description of strrchr strrchr () is a string function that finds the last occurrence of a character in a string. As a result, the pointer comes to this character or the null pointer if this character is not found. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:45+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/control_structures/return?rev=1708041885&do=diff return #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ return value; returns a value C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> int yesno( char value1[], char value2[] ){ if ( strcmp( value1, value2 ) == 0) { return 0; } else { return 1; } } int main(void) { char str… text/html 2013-02-03T22:48:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/limits.h/char_max?rev=1359928124&do=diff CHAR_MAX description of CHAR_MAX max value of char (127 or 255) text/html 2013-09-04T17:20:16+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strncat?rev=1378308016&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *strncat(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n); appends the src string to the dest string, overwriting the null byte ('\0') at the end of dest, and then adds a terminating null byte. The strings may not overlap, and the dest string must have enough space for the result. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:13+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/datatypes/char?rev=1708041913&do=diff char char Character value or small integer 1byte signed: -128 to 127 unsigned: 0 to 255 You can use to find it out ;) C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main(void) { printf("char: %d bytes\n", sizeof(char) ); return 0; } text/html 2013-02-17T03:15:08+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcat?rev=1361067308&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *strcat(char *str1, const char *str2); description of strcat The strcat function concatenates two strings. str1 = target string to be added to source str2 = source string to copied, including '\ 0' at the end of destination. null byte of destination will be overwritten. text/html 2013-04-10T10:10:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/lang/string/charat?rev=1365581451&do=diff charAt(int index) description of charAt returns char value at the specified index of string. example of charAt in java package lang; public class Lang { public static void main(String[] args) { String str = "test 1234"; char chr; chr = str.charAt(1); System.out.println(chr+" is the 2 char"); } } text/html 2015-01-10T19:10:59+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strchr?rev=1420913459&do=diff char *strchr(const char *str, int c); strchr finds the first occurrence of a character and return a pointer to it. C Sourcecode Example /* * strchr c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strchr */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> int main( void ) { char *ptr; char string[] = "Find the first occurrence of a character and count it !"; if( strchr(string,'o') == NULL ) printf(… text/html 2013-02-27T23:16:26+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_drop_db?rev=1362003386&do=diff int mysql_drop_db(MYSQL *mysql, const char *db) description of mysql_drop_db mysql_drop_db deletes the specified database in the db parameter. this function is obsolete. Please instead use mysql_query () to issue an SQL DROP DATABASE statement. #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(pass,… text/html 2013-02-26T14:56:11+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_host_info?rev=1361886971&do=diff const char *mysql_get_host_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_host_info returns the mysql host information compile with gcc mysql_get_host_info.c -o mysql_get_host_info `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"user"); sprintf(pass,"pass"); if (my == NULL ) { pri… text/html 2013-02-28T00:07:19+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_error?rev=1362006439&do=diff const char *mysql_error(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_error provides the error description of the last failed function. the function was executed successfully, it returns an empty string #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_RES *result; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(pass,"password"); if (my == NULL ) { pr… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/port_scanner?rev=1708041925&do=diff compile with gcc portscanner.c -o portscanner portscanner c example /* * This example is a very simple Portscanner * for c network programming * http://code-reference.com/c/examples/port_scanner */ #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <errno.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <signal.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int probeport = 0; struct hostent *host; int err, i, net,a,b,c,d,anz,x,w; struct sockaddr_in sa; struct servent *bar; … text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/iscntrl?rev=1708041874&do=diff iscntrl int iscntrl(int chr); Tests if a character a control character cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <string> #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main ( void ) { int i; string str="Test\n-!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( iscntrl(str[i]) != 0 ) { cout << "Character " << i << " is a control char" << endl; } } return 0; } text/html 2013-02-03T22:49:42+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/limits.h/char_min?rev=1359928182&do=diff CHAR_MIN description of CHAR_MIN min value of char (-128 or 0) text/html 2013-02-26T23:56:06+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_create_db?rev=1361919366&do=diff int mysql_create_db(MYSQL *mysql, const char *db) description of mysql_create_db creates the database named by the db parameter. mysql_create_db deprecated use mysql_query() to create a database #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_ROW row; MYSQL_RES *mysql_res; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; unsigned long numrows = 0; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"usernam… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/bsearch?rev=1708041888&do=diff bsearch #include <stdlib.h> void *bsearch(const void *key, const void *base, size_t nitems, size_t size, int (*compare)(const void *, const void *)); key - The element that is searched for base - pointer to the first element of the array to be searched nitems - number of elements in the array size - size of a single element compare - comparison function to compare two elements together. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:35+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/islower?rev=1708041875&do=diff islower int islower(int chr); checks whether a character is lowercase cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <string> #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main ( void ) { int i; string str="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( islower(str[i]) != 0 ) { cout << "Character " << i << " is a lower char" << endl; } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:35+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/toupper?rev=1708041875&do=diff toupper #include <cctype> int toupper( int char ); Returns upper case type of the character cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main ( void ) { /* convert the Chars "i" and "t" uppercase */ cout << static_cast<char>(toupper('i')) << " whant " << static_cast<char>(toupper('t')) << "his in uppercase" << endl; return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/settextjustify?rev=1708041947&do=diff settextjustify Syntax of settextjustify #include <graphics.h> void settextjustify(int horiz, int vert); Description of settextjustify Text output after a call to settextjustify is justified around the current position (CP) horizontally and vertically, as specified. The default justification settings are LEFT_TEXT (for horizontal) and TOP_TEXT (for vertical). The enumeration text_just in graphics.h provides names for the horiz and vert settings passed to settextjustify. ==== Description … text/html 2013-02-09T01:10:31+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/getpass?rev=1360368631&do=diff char *getpass(const char *ptr); description of getpass reads a password getpass reads a password from the system console, after the user is prompted for a password to a null-terminated string and display the password has been disabled. A pointer to a null-terminated string of up to eight characters (not counting null terminator) is returned. text/html 2013-02-25T16:22:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/vfscanf?rev=1361805756&do=diff int vfscanf ( FILE * stream, const char * format, va_list arg ); description of vfscanf The vscanf(), vfscanf(), and vsscanf() functions shall be equivalent to the scanf(), fscanf(), and sscanf() functions, respectively, except that instead of being called with a variable number of arguments, they are called with an argument list as defined in the <stdarg.h> header. These functions shall not invoke the va_end macro. As these functions invoke the va_arg macro, the value of ap after the return … text/html 2013-03-01T01:07:32+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_fetch_fields?rev=1362096452&do=diff MYSQL_FIELD *mysql_fetch_fields(MYSQL_RES *result) description of mysql_fetch_fields mysql_fetch_fields provides an array of information about the fields in a amount of result #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_RES *result; MYSQL_FIELD *fields; int main( void ) { char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(pass,"password"); if (my == NULL … text/html 2013-02-27T23:23:59+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_dump_debug_info?rev=1362003839&do=diff int mysql_dump_debug_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_dump_debug_info mysql_dump_debug_info writes debugging information for the current connection in the logfile of the servers. the user must have administrator rights return 1 if success 0 otherwise text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/gets?rev=1708041941&do=diff gets char *gets(char *str); Copies characters from stdin into str until newline encountered, end-of-file reached, or error occurs. Does not copy newline. NUL-terminates s. Returns str, or NULL on end-of-file or error. Should not be used because of the potential for buffer overflow. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fgets?rev=1708041940&do=diff fgets char *fgets(char *str, int n, FILE *stream); Copies characters from (input) stream stream to sstr, stopping when n-1 characters copied, newline copied, end-of-file reached or error occurs. If no error, str is NUL-terminated. Returns NULL on end-of-file or error, str otherwise. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/tolower?rev=1708041874&do=diff #include <cctype> int tolower( int char ); Returns lower case type of the character cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main ( void ) { /* convert the Chars "I" and "T" to lowercase */ cout << static_cast<char>(tolower('I')) << " WHANT " << static_cast<char>(tolower('T')) << "HIS IN LOWERCASE" << endl; return 0; } text/html 2013-02-27T23:56:30+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_errno?rev=1362005790&do=diff unsigned int mysql_errno(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_errno returns the error number for the last unsuccessful running function. if the function is successful, it returns 0. in case of an error the error number and the type of error appears text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:10+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/unsignedchar?rev=1708041850&do=diff Description An unsigned data type that occupies 1 byte of memory. Same as the byte datatype. The unsigned char datatype encodes numbers from 0 to 255. For consistency of Arduino programming style, the byte data type is to be preferred. Example [=unsigned char myChar = 240;=] See also *byte *int *Arrays *Serial.println text/html 2013-01-22T13:17:56+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/datatypes?rev=1358857076&do=diff datatypes Overview Name Description auto auto auto auto bool bool char char const const const const double double float float int int int8 int8 int8 int8 int8_t int8_t int8_t int8_t int16 int16 int16 int16 int16_t int16_t int16_t int16_t int32 int32 int32 int32 int32_t int32_t int32_t int32_t int64 int64 int64 int64 int64_t int64_t int64_t int64_t intmax_t intmax_t intmax_t intmax_t intptr_t intptr_t intptr_t intptr_t int_fast8_t int_fas… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:42+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/rename?rev=1708041942&do=diff int rename(const char *old_filename, const char *new_filename); Changes name of file oldname to newname. Returns non-zero on failure. Example Source /* * rename example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/rename */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #define FILENAME "test_tmp.txt" int main ( void ) { FILE *tmpfile; char string[20]; tmpfile = fopen(FILENAME, "w"); if (tmpfile == 0 ) { perror("cannot ope… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/setbuf?rev=1708041941&do=diff void setbuf(FILE *stream, char *buffer); Controls buffering for stream stream. For null buf, turns off buffering, otherwise equivalent to (void)setvbuf(stream, buf, _IOFBF, BUFSIZ). setbuf is deprecated use setvbuf instead C Sourcecode Example /* * setbuf example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/setbuf */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream = fopen("test.txt", "w"); … text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/atof?rev=1708041888&do=diff atof #include <stdlib.h> double atof(const char *str); Description The atof() function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to by nptr to double. The behavior is the same as strtod(nptr, (char **) NULL); except that atof() does not detect errors. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/isblank?rev=1708041874&do=diff isblank int isblank(int chr); Test if a char a space, only in C99 Compilers available isblank #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <string> #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main ( void ) { int i; string str="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isblank(str[i]) != 0 ) { cout << "Character " << i << " is a blank char" << endl; } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/tmpnam?rev=1708041939&do=diff tmpnam char *tmpnam(char *str); Assigns to s (if s non-null) and returns unique name for a temporary file. Unique name is returned for each of the first TMP_MAX invocations. C Sourcecode Example /* * tmpnam example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/tmpnam */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main ( void ) { FILE *tmpstream; char *tmpfile; tmpfile = tmpnam(NULL); tmpstream= fopen(tmpfile, "… text/html 2024-02-16T00:48:17+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types?rev=1708040897&do=diff data types Overview Name Description array array booleanvariables booleanvariables byte byte char char double double float float int int long long short short string string stringobject stringobject unsignedchar unsignedchar unsignedint unsignedint unsignedlong unsignedlong void void word word automatically generated overview ... Change this page if you have a better description text/html 2013-02-26T23:50:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_commit?rev=1361919057&do=diff my_bool mysql_commit(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_commit mysql_commit Commits the current transaction. The action of this function is subject to the value of the completion_type system variable. if the value of completion_type is 2, the server performs a release after terminating a transaction and closes the client connection. The client program should call mysql_close(). text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:58+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getpalette?rev=1708041958&do=diff getpalette Syntax of getpalette #include <graphics.h> void getpalette(struct palettetype *palette); Description of getpalette getpalette fills the palettetype structure pointed to by palette with information about the current palette's size and colors. The MAXCOLORS constant and the palettetype structure used by getpalette are defined in graphics.h as follows: #define MAXCOLORS 15 struct palettetype { unsigned char size; signed char colors[MAXCOLORS + 1]; }; size gives the numbe… text/html 2013-02-26T15:14:05+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_server_version?rev=1361888045&do=diff unsigned long mysql_get_server_version(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_server_version mysql_get_server_version() returns the current version of your mysql client usualy returns the number in the following format XXYYZZ XX mainversion YY release level ZZ current version number text/html 2013-02-27T23:46:26+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_eof?rev=1362005186&do=diff my_bool mysql_eof(MYSQL_RES *result) description of mysql_eof is used to test whether a quantitative result has been read completely. returns 0 until the end of the results has not yet been reached otherwise value is 0 This function is obsolete,use mysql_errno() or mysql_error() text/html 2013-02-26T22:36:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_affected_rows?rev=1361914596&do=diff my_ulonglong mysql_affected_rows(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_affected_rows Returns the number of the last UPDATE , DELETE, INSERT. Can be called for UPDATE, DELETE, or INSERT statements directly to mysql_query(). In SELECT statements, mysql_affected_rows() works like mysql_num_rows(). text/html 2013-02-26T23:52:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_connect?rev=1361919143&do=diff mysql_connect MYSQL *mysql_connect(MYSQL *mysql, const char *host, const char *user, const char *passwd) mysql_connect is deprecated please use mysql_real_connect instead same usage like mysql_real_connect text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/sprintf?rev=1708041941&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int sprintf(char *str, const char *format, ...); Like fprintf, but output written into string s, which must be large enough to hold the output, rather than to a stream. Output is NUL-terminated. Returns length (excluding the terminating NUL). text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/isascii?rev=1708041874&do=diff int isascii(int char); a macro that tests if a char a ASCII char (0-127) is cpp Sourcecode Example /* * isascii example code * http://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/isascii */ #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <string> #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main ( void ) { int i; string str="Test ÖÄ%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isascii(str) != 0 ) { cout << "character" << i << " isascii" << endl; } } return … text/html 2013-02-26T22:54:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_autocommit?rev=1361915690&do=diff my_bool mysql_autocommit(MYSQL *mysql, my_bool mode) description of mysql_autocommit mysql_autocommit set the autocommit 0 is off 1 is on compile with gcc mysql_autocommit.c -o mysql_autocommit `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_ROW row; MYSQL_RES *mysql_res; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(us… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/getenv?rev=1708041890&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *getenv(const char *name); getenv matches the string pointed to by name returns a pointer to the value in the environment, or NULL if there is no match. getenv C Sourcecode Example /* * getenv example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/getenv */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main ( void ) { char *env; env = getenv ("USER"); if (env!=NULL)… text/html 2013-02-03T20:35:58+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_init?rev=1359920158&do=diff MYSQL *mysql_init(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_init allocates / initializes a MYSQL object and returns a new object #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"root"); sprintf(pass,"yourpass"); if (my == NULL ) { printf("Cant initalisize MySQL\n"); … text/html 2013-02-26T15:14:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_proto_info?rev=1361888088&do=diff unsigned int mysql_get_proto_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_proto_info returns Protocol Version of current connection compile with gcc mysql_get_host_info.c -o mysql_get_host_info `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"user"); sprintf(pass,"pass"); if (my … text/html 2013-03-01T00:27:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_fetch_field?rev=1362094056&do=diff MYSQL_FIELD *mysql_fetch_field(MYSQL_RES *result) description of mysql_fetch_field mysql_fetch_field provides a structure MYSQL_FIELD with information about the current field of quantitative results and advance the field pointer to the next field text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/time.h/strptime?rev=1708041883&do=diff char *strptime(const char *restrict buf, const char *restrict format, struct tm *restrict tm); text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/vprintf?rev=1708041943&do=diff int vprintf(const char *format, va_list arg); Equivalent to printf with variable argument list replaced by arg, which must have been initialised by the va_start macro (and may have been used in calls to va_arg). is used to generate a string from a format string and then print to standard output stdout. vprintf can understood as a combination of puts and vsprintf. text/html 2013-02-26T00:59:07+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_set_local_infile_handler?rev=1361836747&do=diff void mysql_set_local_infile_handler( MYSQL *mysql, int (*local_infile_init)(void **, const char *, void *), int (*local_infile_read)(void *, char *, unsigned int), void (*local_infile_end)(void *), int (*local_infile_error)(void *, char*, unsigned int), void *userdata ); text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/setallpalette?rev=1708041951&do=diff setallpalette Syntax of setallpalette #include <graphics.h> void setallpalette(struct palettetype *palette); Description of setallpalette setallpalette sets the current palette to the values given in the palettetype structure pointed to by palette. You can partially (or completely) change the colors in the EGA/VGA palette with setallpalette. The MAXCOLORS constant and the palettetype structure used by setallpalette are defined in graphics.h as follows: #define MAXCOLORS 15 struct pale… text/html 2013-02-03T20:39:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_close?rev=1359920392&do=diff void mysql_close(MYSQL *mysql); description of mysql_close close a previously opened connection and deallocates the connection handle pointet to mysql if a pointer was set before from mysql_init #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"root"); sprintf… text/html 2013-02-27T23:02:56+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_data_seek?rev=1362002576&do=diff void mysql_data_seek(MYSQL_RES *result, my_ulonglong offset) description of mysql_data_seek mysql_data_seek find any row in a result set. the offset value is a row number from 0 to mysql_num_rows (result) -1. As required for this feature is that the result set structure contains the entire result set, can mysql_data_seek() may be used only in conjunction with mysql_store_result(), not with mysql_use_result(). text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mblen?rev=1708041890&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int mblen(const char *str, size_t n); Description Determines how many bytes are used for a character. <setlocale.h> is for this example nessesary mblen C Sourcecode Example 1 /* * mblen example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mblen */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> #include <locale.h> /* for setlocale */ int main(void) { setlocale(LC_ALL,""); … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/vfprintf?rev=1708041943&do=diff int vfprintf(FILE *stream, const char *format, va_list arg); Equivalent to fprintf with variable argument list replaced by arg, which must have been initialised by the va_start macro (and may have been used in calls to va_arg). C Sourcecode Example /* * vfprintf example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/vfprintf */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdarg.h> int myfprintf( FILE *file, char c… text/html 2014-06-27T15:56:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mbtowc?rev=1403877396&do=diff mbtowc #include <stdlib.h> int mbtowc(whcar_t *pwc, const char *str, size_t n); Description converts a multibyte character into a wide character. <setlocale.h> <wchar.h> is for this example nessesary mbtowc C Sourcecode Example /* * mbtowc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mbtowc */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <wchar.h> /* wint_t*/ #include <locale.h> /* setlocale*/ int main(void) { wchar_t wchar; char string[] = "mbtowc: 測試… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/putc?rev=1708041941&do=diff putc int putc(int char, FILE *stream); put char into a stream. C Sourcecode Example /* * putc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/putc */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { int c; FILE *stream, *destination; stream = fopen("test.txt", "r"); destination = fopen("test_copy.txt","w"); if (stream == 0 || destination == 0) { perror("cannot open stream"); … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fread?rev=1708041943&do=diff fread size_t fread(void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream); fread reads num number of objects from a stream (where each object is size bytes) and places them into the array pointed to by buffer. The return value of the function is the number of read data text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:16+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/bitwise_operators/bitwisecompoundor?rev=1708041856&do=diff Description The compound bitwise OR operator (|=) is often used with a variable and a constant to “set” (set to 1) particular bits in a variable. Syntax: x |= y; // equivalent to x = x | y; Parameters x: a char, int or long variable y: an integer constant or char, int, or long text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getlinesettings?rev=1708041947&do=diff getlinesettings Syntax of getlinesettings #include <graphics.h> void getlinesettings(struct linesettingstype *lineinfo); Description of getlinesettings getlinesettings fills a linesettingstype structure pointed to by lineinfo with information about the current line style, pattern, and thickness. The linesettingstype structure is defined in graphics.h as follows: struct linesettingstype { int linestyle; unsigned upattern; int thickness; }; linestyle specifies in which style subs… text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/objective-c/foundation.framework/nsnumber.h/charvalue?rev=1708042345&do=diff charValue - (char)charValue; Returns the receiver’s value. Return Value - The receiver’s value as datatyp, converting it as necessary. ObjC Sourcecode Example //** Sample Datatype ** char myChar = 'w'; //** Initializing NSNumber Object ** NSNumber *myCharNumber = [[NSNumber alloc]initWithChar:myChar]; //** To access your value use charValue ** if ([myCharNumber charValue] == 'w') { NSLog(@"myCharNumber: %@", myCharNumber); … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/talk_to_a_modem?rev=1708041925&do=diff Talk to a Modem This is a Simple source how to Access a Modem. it is very simple, just write a Modem Command to your Serial Port in this case a serial Port ttyS0 in Linux C Sourcecode to acces a modem #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> // for sleep /** * argument 1 is the number to dial * for this example you need a modem on Serial Port (in linux) */ int main(int argc,char *argv[]) { FILE *modem; char get[100]; modem=fopen("/dev/ttyS0","rw"); fprintf(modem,"ATZ\r\… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:45+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/freopen?rev=1708041945&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ FILE *freopen( const char *fname, const char *mode, FILE *stream ); closes file associated with stream, then opens file filename with specified mode and associates it with stream. Returns stream or NULL on error. text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/objective-c/foundation.framework/nsnumber.h/numberwith?rev=1708042345&do=diff numberWith + (NSNumber *)numberWithChar:(char)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedChar:(unsigned char)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithShort:(short)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedShort:(unsigned short)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithInt:(int)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedInt:(unsigned int)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithLong:(long)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsignedLong:(unsigned long)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithLongLong:(long long)value; + (NSNumber *)numberWithUnsi… text/html 2013-02-26T00:36:17+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_library_init?rev=1361835377&do=diff int mysql_library_init(int argc, char **argv, char **groups) description of mysql_library_init mysql_library_init is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_library_init c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mbstowcs?rev=1708041891&do=diff mbstowcs #include <stdlib.h> size_t mbstowcs(schar_t *pwcs, const char *str, size_t n); Description mbstowcs converts multibyte characters to wide characters mbstowcs c sourcecode example /* * mbstowcs example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/mbstowcs */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main( void ) { char mbinput[8] = "\x54\x65\x73\x74\x20\x31\x32"; wchar_t output[8]; size_t wcssize; wcssize = mbstowcs(output, mbinput, 8); … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:28+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/btowc?rev=1708041928&do=diff btowc #include <wchar.h> wint_t btowc(int); Description convert a byte to wide character btowc returns the wide two byte character “wchar_t” converted from the single byte “string” character (char). return value If the argument is not a valid multibyte sequence of length 1 btowc returns WEOF. output is affected by the current LC_TYPE locale. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/bitwise_operators/bitwisecompoundand?rev=1708041855&do=diff Description The compound bitwise AND operator (&=) is often used with a variable and a constant to force particular bits in a variable to the LOW state (to 0). This is often referred to in programming guides as “clearing” or “resetting” bits. text/html 2013-02-03T21:15:10+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/cscanf?rev=1359922510&do=diff int cscanf(char *format[, address, ...]); description of cscanf reads input from the console and reformat it. cscanf reads directly from the console of a series of input fields one character at. Then each field is formatted according to the format specifier is passed cscanf in the format designated by the pointer format string. Finally stores cscanf formatted input to the direction indicated by the argument address memory address and shows the input on the screen. There must be as many … text/html 2013-02-25T14:50:30+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fdopen?rev=1361800230&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ FILE *fdopen(int fildes, const char *mode); description of fdopen fdopen() is the counterpart to fileno(). As a mode, such as the file is opened, the same modes as the can open() can be used. fdopen() is often applied to file descriptors that are returned from functions that set up the pipes or channels of communication in networks. This is because some functions like open(), dup(), dup2(), fcntl(), pipe(), ... in networks can not do anythi… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/fgetws?rev=1708041934&do=diff fgetws #include <wchar.h> wchar_t *fgetws(wchar_t *restrict, int, FILE *stream); Description fgetws reads wide characters into “*restrict” from “stream” fgetws will also stop reading if it encounters a newline character. In which case, the newline character will put into the string as long as the number of characters does not exceed “length - 1”. The function will also stop reading if it reaches the end of the stream. If an error or EOF occurs, the function returns NULL inste… text/html 2018-01-12T07:29:06+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/datatypes?rev=1515738546&do=diff package datatypes; public class DataTypes { public static void main(String[] args) { // primitiv Datatypes boolean aa = true; // 1 bit char bb = 'A'; // 2 Bytes char cc = 65; // 2 Bytes byte dd = 12; // 1 Byte -128 - +127 short ee = 234; // 2 Bytes -32768 - +32767 int ff = 4711; // 4 Bytes long gg = 34567; // 8 Bytes float hh = 3.14f; // 4 Bytes d… text/html 2013-02-25T23:46:26+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_hex_string?rev=1361832386&do=diff unsigned long mysql_hex_string(char *to, const char *from, unsigned long length) description of mysql_hex_string mysql_hex_string is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_hex_string c example no example at the moment text/html 2014-05-17T23:11:03+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/scanf?rev=1400361063&do=diff scanf int scanf(const char *format, ...); The function returns the number of items that were successfully read EOF if the input stream reached its end, or a negative number if an error occurs. C Sourcecode Example /* * scanf example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/scanf */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main ( void ) { char input[20]; printf ("Enter some Text (max 20 chars) "); s… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:42+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/vscanf?rev=1708041942&do=diff int vscanf(char * restrict format, va_list arg_ptr); description The functions vscanf(), vfscanf(), and vsscanf() are functionally equivalent to scanf(), fscanf(), and sscanf(), respectively, except that the argument list has been replaced by a pointer to a list of arguments. This pointer must be of type va_list, which is defined in the header . text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/atoi?rev=1708041891&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int atoi(const char *str); convert a string to integer C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main(void){ char string[]="1234"; int i; printf("string = %s \n", string ); printf("int = %i \n", atoi(string) ); i = atoi(string); i = i + i; printf("i + i = %i\n", i); return 0; } text/html 2013-02-26T00:37:12+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_list_fields?rev=1361835432&do=diff MYSQL_RES *mysql_list_fields(MYSQL *mysql, const char *table, const char *wild) description of mysql_list_fields mysql_list_fields is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_list_fields c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:14+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/memchr?rev=1708041974&do=diff void *memchr(const void *str, int c, size_t n); memchr finds the firs occurrence of a character and return a pointer to it. #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> int main( void ) { char string[] = "Find the firs occurrence of a character and count it !"; if( memchr(string,'o',strlen(string)) == NULL ) { printf( "Cant find o character\n" ); } else { printf( "found character o at po… text/html 2013-02-08T19:28:00+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/getche?rev=1360348080&do=diff char getche(); description of getche Reads a character from the keyboard and display it on the screen. reads a single character from the keyboard, and there are direct or via a BIOS call made ​​in the current text window. #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> int main( void ) { printf("Enter a character : "); char ch; ch = getche(); printf("The character was %c",ch); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/memmove?rev=1708041975&do=diff memmove #include <stdlib.h> void *memmove(void *str1, const void *str2, size_t n); str1: target memory block (at least size bytes in size) str2: source memory block (at least size bytes in size) n: number of bytes to be copied (The type size_t corresponds usually int)) text/html 2013-02-26T00:47:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_real_escape_string?rev=1361836035&do=diff unsigned long mysql_real_escape_string(MYSQL *mysql, char *to, const char *from, unsigned long length) description of mysql_real_escape_string mysql_real_escape_string is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:24+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/toupper?rev=1708041924&do=diff toupper #include <ctype.h> int toupper( int char ); Returns upper case type of the character C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { char string[30]; /* write the Chars "i" and "t" uppercase in the buffer "string" */ sprintf(string,"%c whant %chis in uppercase",toupper('i'), toupper('t')); printf("%s\n",string); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/system?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int system(const char *string); system calls a command on the shell system c code example /* * system example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/system */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> int main (void) { char * command = "uname -a"; int cmd = system( command ); if( cmd == -1 ) { printf( "Error while initalize system command.\n"); } else if( cmd > 0 ) { printf( "command return value %d.\n", cmd ); } else printf( "success\n" )… text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/memcpy?rev=1708041975&do=diff memcpy void *memcpy(void *str1, const void *str2, size_t n); Copy a string into another variable important here is to give the size of the string #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> int main ( void ) { char source[20]="Test 1234 ! :D"; char dest[20]; memcpy (dest,source,strlen(source)+1); printf ("Value of Destination is %s\n",dest); return 0; } text/html 2013-04-18T08:50:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/lang/string/toarray?rev=1366267847&do=diff public char[] toCharArray() description of toCharArray() converts a string to a new character array example of toCharArray in java package codereferececomjava; public class CodeRefereceComJava { public static void main(String[] args) { String str = "some Text"; char[] text; System.out.println(str); // print the String text = str.toCharArray(); for (int i = 0; i <= text.length - 1; i++) { System.out.printl… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:55+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getmodename?rev=1708041955&do=diff getmodename Syntax of getmodename #include <graphics.h> char *getmodename(int mode_number); Description of getmodename getmodename accepts a graphics mode number as input and returns a string containing the name of the corresponding graphics mode. The mode names are embedded in each driver. The return values ("320*200 CGA P1," "640*200 CGA", and so on) are useful for building menus or displaying status. text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/memcmp?rev=1708041975&do=diff int memcmp(const void *str1, const void *str2, size_t n); check the size of a string and string2 and return a value less 0 string1 lesser than string2 equal 0 string1 equal string2 greater 0 string1 greater than string2 #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> #define MAX 42 int main ( void ) { char string1[MAX]="Teststring"; char string2[MAX]="test"; int i; i = memcmp ( string1, string2,… text/html 2013-04-15T09:30:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/io/printstream/format?rev=1366011044&do=diff format args to the format string format and write the result to the stream format(String format, Object... args); return value: stream sign Description 0 if the place is not busy they prints a 0 # if the place is not busy they prints nothing . decimal separator Separates and decimal places. , Groups the numbers (a group is as large as the distance from ”,” to ”.”). ; Delimiter. To the left of the pattern is positive, the right for negative numbers. - The default character for the negative… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/tolower?rev=1708041923&do=diff #include <ctype.h> int tolower( int char ); Returns lower case type of the character C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { char string[30]; /* write the Chars "i" and "t" lowercase in the buffer "string" */ sprintf(string,"%c WHANT %cHIS IN LOWERCASE",tolower('I'), tolower('T')); printf("%s\n",string); return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/time.h/strftime?rev=1708041883&do=diff size_t strftime(char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *format, const struct tm *timeptr); text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/setfillpattern?rev=1708041954&do=diff setfillpattern Syntax of setfillpattern #include <graphics.h> void setfillpattern(char *upattern, int color); Description of setfillpattern setfillpattern is like setfillstyle, except that you use it to set a user-defined 8x8 pattern rather than a predefined pattern. upattern is a pointer to a sequence of 8 bytes, with each byte corresponding to 8 pixels in the pattern. Whenever a bit in a pattern byte is set to 1, the corresponding pixel is plotted. text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:26+02:00 https://code-reference.com/objective-c/foundation.framework/nsnumber.h/initwith?rev=1708042346&do=diff - (id)initWithChar:(char)value; - (id)initWithUnsignedChar:(unsigned char)value; - (id)initWithShort:(short)value; - (id)initWithUnsignedShort:(unsigned short)value; - (id)initWithInt:(int)value; - (id)initWithUnsignedInt:(unsigned int)value; - (id)initWithLong:(long)value; - (id)initWithUnsignedLong:(unsigned long)value; - (id)initWithLongLong:(long long)value; - (id)initWithUnsignedLongLong:(unsigned long long)value; - (id)initWithFloat:(float)value; - (id)initWithDouble:(double)value; - (id)i… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:55+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/textwidth?rev=1708041955&do=diff textwidth Syntax of textwidth #include <graphics.h> int textwidth(char *textstring); Description of textwidth The graphics function textwidth takes the string length, current font size, and multiplication factor, and determines the width of textstring in pixels. This function is useful for computing viewport widths, sizing a title to make it fit on a graph or in a box, and so on. Use textwidth to compute the width of strings, instead of doing the computations manually. When you use this… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getdrivername?rev=1708041957&do=diff getdrivername Syntax of getdrivername #include <graphics.h> char *getdrivername(void); Description of getdrivername After a call to initgraph, getdrivername returns the name of the driver that is currently loaded. Example of getdrivername /* getdrivername example */ #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main() { /* request autodetection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; /* stores the device driver name */ char *dr… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getviewsettings?rev=1708041948&do=diff getviewsettings Syntax of getviewsettings #include <graphics.h> void getviewsettings(struct viewporttype *viewport); Description of getviewsettings getviewsettings fills the viewporttype structure pointed to by viewport with information about the current viewport. The viewporttype structure used by getviewport is defined in graphics.h as follows: struct viewporttype { int left, top, right, bottom; int clip; }; text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/wctomb?rev=1708041891&do=diff wctomb #include <stdlib.h> int wctomb(char *str, wchar_t wchar); Description wctomb converts a wide character to a multibyte character in the string. wctomb maximum MB_CUR_MAX sign stores in a string. The behavior of wctomb is affected by the LC_CTYPE category of the current locale text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/wcstombs?rev=1708041888&do=diff wcstombs #include <stdlib.h> size_t wcstombs(char *str, const wchar_t *pwcs, size_t n); Description wcstombs converts a wide character string into a multibyte character string. conversion stops after the size n is reached. The behavior of wcstombs is affected by the LC_CTYPE category of the current locale text/html 2013-01-22T13:04:11+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/keywords/char?rev=1358856251&do=diff since C 89 -> datatypes char text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isupper?rev=1708041923&do=diff isupper int isupper(int chr); tests wheather a char is in uppercase C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isupper(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is uppercase\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/remove?rev=1708041944&do=diff int remove(const char *filename); Removes specified file. Returns non-zero on failure. Example Source /* * remove example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/remove */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #define FILENAME "test_tmp.txt" int main ( void ) { FILE *tmpfile; char string[20]; tmpfile = fopen(FILENAME, "w"); if (tmpfile == 0 ) { perror("cannot open file"); } fprintf (tmpfile, "temporary file f… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:42+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fwrite?rev=1708041942&do=diff size_t fwrite(const void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, FILE *stream); The fwrite() function writes, from the array buffer, count objects of size size to stream. The return value is the number of objects written. C Sourcecode Example /* * fwrite example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fwrite */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ struct CD_COLLECTION { char album_name[42]; int year; char arti… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:11+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/array?rev=1708041851&do=diff An array is a collection of variables that are accessed with an index number. Arrays in the C programming language, on which Arduino is based, can be complicated, but using simple arrays is relatively straightforward. Creating (Declaring) an Array All of the methods below are valid ways to create (declare) an array. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/setlinestyle?rev=1708041950&do=diff setlinestyle Syntax of setlinestyle #include <graphics.h> void setlinestyle(int linestyle, unsigned upattern, int thickness); Description of setlinestyle setlinestyle sets the style for all lines drawn by line, lineto, rectangle, drawpoly, and so on. The linesettingstype structure is defined in graphics.h as follows: struct linesettingstype { int linestyle; unsigned upattern; int thickness; }; linestyle specifies in which of several styles subsequent lines will be drawn (such a… text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:02+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/io/printstream/println?rev=1708042322&do=diff This line outputs the string parameter to the console with a line return. println(parameter): void parameters are: boolean, char, char[], double, float, int, long, Object, String Language Example System.out.println("Hello"); System.out.println("I am a programmer"); System.out.println(" 3 + 4 = " + 3+4 ); // appends 3 and 4 to the string System.out.println(" 3 + 4 = " + (3+4) ); // calculate 3+4 before the string "7" added text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:02+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/io/printstream/print?rev=1708042322&do=diff Outputs the string parameter without a line return print(parameter): void parameters are: boolean, char, char[], double, float, int, long, Object, String return value: void Language Example System.out.print("Hello"); System.out.print("I am a programmer"); text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/setfillstyle?rev=1708041947&do=diff setfillstyle Syntax of setfillstyle #include <graphics.h> void setfillstyle(int pattern, int color); Description of setfillstyle setfillstyle sets the current fill pattern and fill color. To set a user- defined fill pattern, do not give a pattern of 12 (USER_FILL) to setfillstyle; instead, call setfillpattern. If invalid input is passed to setfillstyle, graphresult returns -1 (grError), and the current fill pattern and fill color remain unchanged. Note: The EMPTY_FILL style is like a so… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:10+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/datatypes/unsigned?rev=1708041910&do=diff unsigned unsigned char ch; unsigned long int l; unsigned char 0 to 255 unsigned int 0 to 65535 [or 0 to 4294967295 if '-mnoshort' is set] unsigned short int 0 to 65535 unsigned long int 0 to 4294967295 text/html 2013-01-24T20:08:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/preprocessor/define?rev=1359054534&do=diff syntax /* define a symbolic constant */ #define identifier replacement list /* define a Macro */ #define identifier (identifier_list) replacement list description The #define directive replaces any additional occurrences of identifier in the source code by the specified list as a replacement string. This replacement affects only terminal symbols (ie independent occurrence of identifier in the source code), but not strings that appear in a comment section of another identifier or part of a … text/html 2013-01-22T02:30:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/keywords?rev=1358818247&do=diff C89 Keywords * auto * break * case * char * const * continue * default * do * double * else * enum * extern * float * for * goto * if * int * long * register * return * short * signed * sizeof * static * struct * switch * typedef * union * unsigned * void * volatile * while text/html 2015-05-04T11:13:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fopen?rev=1430730823&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ FILE * fopen (const char * restrict path, const char * restrict mode) Opens file named restrict path and returns a stream, or NULL on failure. mode may be one of the following for files or one of those strings with b included (after the first character), for binary files. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/atol?rev=1708041891&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> long int atol(const char *str); convert a string to long integer C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main(void){ char string[]="1234"; long int i; printf("string = %s \n", string ); printf("int = %li \n", atol(string) ); i = atol(string); i = i + i; printf("i + i = %li\n", i); return 0; } text/html 2013-02-15T19:18:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/arithmetic_operators/assignment?rev=1360952319&do=diff Stores the value to the right of the equal sign in the variable to the left of the equal sign. The single equal sign in the C programming language is called the assignment operator. It has a different meaning than in algebra class where it indicated an equation or equality. The assignment operator tells the microcontroller to evaluate whatever value or expression is on the right side of the equal sign, and store it in the variable to the left of the equal sign. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:42+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/puts?rev=1708041942&do=diff puts int puts(const char *str); Writes str (excluding terminating NUL) and a newline to stdout. Returns non-negative on success, EOF on error. Example Source /* * puts example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/puts */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main ( void ) { char string [30] = "This is a test for puts!"; puts (string); return 0; } text/html 2014-12-04T13:27:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fgetc?rev=1417696073&do=diff fgetc int fgetc ( FILE * stream ); Returns next character from (input) stream stream, or EOF on end-of-file or error. C Sourcecode Example /* * fgetc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fgetc */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream; char c; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","r"))==NULL) { printf("Cannot open file.\n"); return 1; } while((c = fget… text/html 2015-05-06T23:08:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/writeimagefile?rev=1430946537&do=diff writeimagefile Syntax of writeimagefile #include "graphics.h" void writeimagefile( const char* title=NULL, double width_inches=7, double border_left_inches=0.75, double border_top_inches=0.75, int left=0, int right=0, int right=INT_MAX, int bottom=INT_MAX ); text/html 2013-01-07T21:39:31+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputs?rev=1357591171&do=diff int fputs(const char *str, FILE *stream); Writes str, to (output) stream stream. Returns non-negative on success or EOF on error. C Sourcecode Example /* * fputs example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputs */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","w"))==NULL) { printf("Cannot open file for writing.\n"); return 1; } … text/html 2017-07-30T01:52:03+02:00 https://code-reference.com/start?rev=1501372323&do=diff Be a part of our community and help to improve this reference. This is a Wiki for all possible programming languages ​​with descriptions and examples. The goal is to create a programming library reference for all the programming languages ​​out there So do not hesitate to add some example code, adjust or correct the content text/html 2013-02-26T00:52:01+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_set_character_set?rev=1361836321&do=diff int mysql_set_character_set(MYSQL *mysql, const char *csname) description of mysql_set_character_set mysql_set_character_set is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_set_character_set c example no example at the moment text/html 2013-02-26T01:04:19+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_sqlstate?rev=1361837059&do=diff const char *mysql_sqlstate(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_sqlstate mysql_sqlstate is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_sqlstate c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:12+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/stringobject?rev=1708041852&do=diff Description The String class, part of the core as of version 0019, allows you to use and manipulate strings of text in more complex ways than character arrays do. You can concatenate Strings, append to them, search for and replace substrings, and more. It takes more memory than a simple character array, but it is also more useful. text/html 2013-02-26T00:38:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_list_tables?rev=1361835531&do=diff MYSQL_RES *mysql_list_tables(MYSQL *mysql, const char *wild) description of mysql_list_tables mysql_list_tables is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_list_tables c example no example at the moment text/html 2014-08-21T18:09:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/printf?rev=1408637388&do=diff printf #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int printf ( const char * restrict format, ... ); Arguments The function printf prints format to STDOUT Code Description %c character value %s string of characters %d signed integer %i signed integer %f floating point value %e scientific notation, with a lowercase “e” %E scientific notation, with a uppercase “E” %g use %e or %f %G use %E or %f %o octa… text/html 2013-02-26T00:48:12+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_real_query?rev=1361836092&do=diff int mysql_real_query(MYSQL *mysql, const char *stmt_str, unsigned long length) description of mysql_real_query mysql_real_query is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_real_query c example no example at the moment text/html 2015-05-06T20:01:20+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/setcolor?rev=1430935280&do=diff text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fflush?rev=1708041940&do=diff fflush int fflush(FILE *stream); Flushes stream stream and returns zero on success or EOF on error. Effect undefined for input stream. fflush(NULL) flushes all output streams. C Sourcecode Example /* * fflush example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fflush */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #define MAX 80 int main( void ) { FILE *filestream = fopen("test.txt", "rt+"); char buffer[MAX]; i… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:22+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isdigit?rev=1708041922&do=diff int isdigit(int chr); tests if a character a digit C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test\n-!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isdigit(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is a digit\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/putchar?rev=1708041943&do=diff putchar int putchar(int char); put a character into stdout C Sourcecode Example /* * putchar example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/putchar */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { int c; c = 0; // ASCII Code a while (c < 255) { // count chars in a while loop putchar(c); c++; } putchar('\n'); return 0; } text/html 2015-08-08T12:50:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/cprintf?rev=1439031039&do=diff int cprintf(const char *format[, argument, ...]); description of cprintf prints formatted output to the screen. cprintf takes multiple arguments, applies to each of the format specifier contained in the format string, pointed to by format, and prints the formatted data directly to the current text window on the screen. The number of available format must match the number of arguments. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/installuserfont?rev=1708041951&do=diff installuserfont Syntax of installuserfont #include <graphics.h> int installuserfont(char *name); Description of installuserfont name is a file name in the current directory (pathname is not supported) of a font file containing a stroked font. Up to twenty fonts can be installed at one time. text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_stat?rev=1708042335&do=diff const char *mysql_stat(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_stat mysql_stat is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_stat c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/setgraphbufsize?rev=1708041950&do=diff setgraphbufsize Syntax of setgraphbufsize #include <graphics.h> unsigned setgraphbufsize(unsigned bufsize); Description of setgraphbufsize Some of the graphics routines (such as floodfill) use a memory buffer that is allocated when initgraph is called and released when closegraph is called. The default size of this buffer, allocated by _graphgetmem, is 4,096 bytes. You might want to make this buffer smaller (to save memory space) or bigger (if, for example, a call to floodfill produces … text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:13+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_client_info?rev=1708042333&do=diff mysql_get_client_info const char *mysql_get_client_info(void) Returns the mysql client library version C Sourcecode Example compile with gcc mysql_get_client_info.c -o mysql_get_client_info `mysql_config --cflags --libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> int main( void ) { printf("version: %s\n", mysql_get_client_info()); return 0; } text/html 2013-02-03T21:10:45+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/putch?rev=1359922245&do=diff int putch(int c); description of putch prints characters on the screen. putch gives the character c to the current text window. It is a text-mode function that displays output directly to the console. putch replaces the newline character (\ n) characters are not merchandise return / line feed. Depending _directvideo of the global variable, the string is written either directly or through a BIOS call to screen memory. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/initwindow?rev=1708041948&do=diff initwindow Syntax of initwindow #include "graphics.h" int initwindow(int width, int height, const char* title="Windows BGI", int left=0, int top=0, bool dbflag=false, closeflag=true); Description of initwindow The initwindow function is available in the winbgim implementation of BGI graphics. You do not need to include conio.h; just include graphics.h. The function initializes the graphics system by opening a graphics window of the specified size. The first two parameters (width and hei… text/html 2018-08-03T18:52:05+02:00 https://code-reference.com/bash/how_to/string_substitutions?rev=1533315125&do=diff bash: "How To" ... utilize string substitutions string parameter substitution operationwhatcodeexample using: export TST='abcabcaa'result from (abcabcaa)removefirst occurrence of substring 'xyz' in stringSTR=${STR/'xyz'}echo ${TST/'bc'}aabcaa (abcabcaa)substring 'xyz' everywhere in stringSTR=${STR//'xyz'}echo ${TST//'bc'}aaaa (abcabcaa)substring 'xyz' at very beginning of string (prefix)STR=${STR#'xyz'}echo ${TST#'abca'}bcaa (abcabcaa)substring 'xyz' at very end of string (suffix)STR=${STR… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getpalettesize?rev=1708041953&do=diff getpalettesize Syntax of getpalettesize #include <graphics.h> int getpalettesize(void); Description of getpalettesize getpalettesize is used to determine how many palette entries can be set for the current graphics mode. For example, the EGA in color mode returns 16. text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/memset?rev=1708041975&do=diff memset #include <stdlib.h> void *memset(void *str, int c, size_t n); memset Fill / overwrite memory region with certain characters str = Target memory block /c string c = value byte that is used to overwrite n = number of chars to be copied text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:58+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/moveto?rev=1708041958&do=diff moveto Syntax of moveto #include <graphics.h> void moveto(int x, int y); Description of moveto moveto moves the current position (CP) to viewport position (x,y). Example of moveto /* moveto example */ #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request autodetection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* rea… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:32+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/fgetwc?rev=1708041932&do=diff fgetwc #include <wchar.h> wint_t fgetwc(FILE *); fgetwc Description fgetwc reads in a single character from Stream and returns its value as a wide character. C Sourcecode Example /* * fgetwc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/fgetwc */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <wchar.h> int main( void ) { FILE* stream = fopen("testmb.txt", "r"); if (!stream) { printf("Co… text/html 2013-02-17T00:49:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strerror?rev=1361058590&do=diff #include <string.h> //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ char *strerror(int errnum); Description returns a pointer to a string that describes the error code passed in the argument errnum compile this example with the compiler flag -lm text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:56+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getgraphmode?rev=1708041956&do=diff getgraphmode Syntax of getgraphmode #include <graphics.h> int getgraphmode(void); Description of getgraphmode Your program must make a successful call to initgraph before calling getgraphmode. The enumeration graphics_mode, defined in graphics.h, gives names for the predefined graphics modes. For a table listing these enumeration values, refer to the description for initgraph. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/gety?rev=1708041954&do=diff gety Syntax of gety #include <graphics.h> int gety(void); Description of gety gety returns the current graphics position's y-coordinate. The value is viewport-relative. Example of gety /* gety example */ #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request autodetection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getcolor?rev=1708041954&do=diff getcolor Syntax of getcolor #include <graphics.h> int getcolor(void); Description of getcolor getcolor returns the current drawing color. The drawing color is the value to which pixels are set when lines and so on are drawn. For example, in CGAC0 mode, the palette contains four colors: the background color, light green, light red, and yellow. In this mode, if getcolor returns 1, the current drawing color is light green. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/grapherrormsg?rev=1708041951&do=diff grapherrormsg Syntax of grapherrormsg #include <graphics.h> char * grapherrormsg(int errorcode); Description of grapherrormsg grapherrormsg returns a pointer to the error message string associated with errorcode, the value returned by graphresult. Refer to the entry for errno in the Library Reference, Chapter 4, for a list of error messages and mnemonics. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:55+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/setpalette?rev=1708041955&do=diff setpalette Syntax of setpalette #include <graphics.h> void setpalette(int colornum, int color); Description of setpalette setpalette changes the colornum entry in the palette to color. For example, setpalette(0,5) changes the first color in the current palette (the background color) to actual color number 5. If size is the number of entries in the current palette, colornum can range between 0 and (size - 1). You can partially (or completely)… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getbkcolor?rev=1708041957&do=diff getbkcolor Syntax of getbkcolor #include <graphics.h> int getbkcolor(void); Description of getbkcolor getbkcolor returns the current background color. (See the table in setbkcolor for details.) Example of getbkcolor /* getbkcolor example */ #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request autodetection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; int bkcolor, midx, midy; char bkname[35]; /… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/showerrorbox?rev=1708041954&do=diff showerrorbox Syntax of showerrorbox #include "graphics.h" void showerrorbox(const char* message=NULL); Description of showerrorbox The showerrorbox function is available in the winbgim implementation of BGI graphics. You do not need to include conio.h; just include graphics.h. The function opens a windows error message box with the specified message (or a standard message if the message parameter is NULL). The message box waits for the user to click on OK button before showerrorbox retu… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/ispunct?rev=1708041923&do=diff ispunct int ispunct(int chr); tests whether a character is punctuation mark C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( ispunct(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is a punctuation mark\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2013-02-03T21:07:29+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/cputs?rev=1359922049&do=diff int cputs(const char *str); description of cputs Returns a string to the screen. cputs is the null-terminated string from str in the current text window. The newline character is not here appended to the string. Depending _directvideo of the global variable, the string is written either directly or through a BIOS call to screen memory. To contrast to fprintf and printf, not translated cputs line character (\ n) in the combination of characters carriage return / line feed (\ r \ n). text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputc?rev=1708041941&do=diff fputc int fputc(int ch, FILE *stream); Writes ch, to stream stream. Returns ch, or EOF on error. C Sourcecode Example /* * fputc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputc */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream, *stream_target; char c; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","rb"))==NULL) { printf("Cannot open file.\n"); return 1; } if((stream_targ… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/outtext?rev=1708041957&do=diff outtext Syntax of outtext #include <graphics.h> void outtext(char *textstring); Description of outtext outtext displays a text string in the viewport, using the current font, direction, and size. outtext outputs textstring at the current position (CP). If the horizontal text justification is LEFT_TEXT and the text direction is HORIZ_DIR, the CP's x-coordinate is advanced by textwidth(textstring). Otherwise, the CP remains unchanged. To maintain code compatibility when using several font… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/outtextxy?rev=1708041951&do=diff outtextxy Syntax of outtextxy #include <graphics.h> void outtextxy(int x, int y, char *textstring); Description of outtextxy outtextxy displays a text string in the viewport at the given position (x, y), using the current justification settings and the current font, direction, and size. To maintain code compatibility when using several fonts, use textwidth and textheight to determine the dimensions of the string. If a string is printed with the default font using outtext or outtextxy, a… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/settextstyle?rev=1708041950&do=diff settextstyle Syntax of settextstyle #include <graphics.h> void settextstyle(int font, int direction, int charsize); Description of settextstyle settextstyle sets the text font, the direction in which text is displayed, and the size of the characters. A call to settextstyle affects all text output by outtext and outtextxy. The parameters font, direction, and charsize passed to settextstyle are described in the following: font: One 8x8 bit-mapped font and several "stroked" fonts are avail… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:28+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/mbsrtowcs?rev=1708041928&do=diff mbsrtowcs #include <wchar.h> size_t mbsrtowcs(wchar_t *restrict, const char **restrict, size_t, mbstate_t *restrict); return value C Sourcecode Example no example yet output text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/isupper?rev=1708041874&do=diff isupper int isupper(int chr); tests wheather a char is in uppercase cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <string> #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main ( void ) { int i; string str="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isupper(str[i]) != 0 ) { cout << "Character " << i << " is uppercase" << endl; } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/linerel?rev=1708041950&do=diff linerel Syntax of linerel #include <graphics.h> void linerel(int dx, int dy); Description of linerel linerel draws a line from the CP (current position) to a point that is a relative distance (dx,dy) from the CP. The CP is advanced by (dx,dy). text/html 2013-02-03T23:02:29+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/limits.h/uchar_max?rev=1359928949&do=diff UCHAR_MAX description of UCHAR_MAX max value of unsigned char (255) text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:56+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getmaxcolor?rev=1708041956&do=diff getmaxcolor Syntax of getmaxcolor #include <graphics.h> int getmaxcolor(void); Description of getmaxcolor getmaxcolor returns the highest valid color value for the current graphics driver and mode that can be passed to setcolor. For example, on a 256K EGA, getmaxcolor always returns 15, which means that any call to setcolor with a value from 0 to 15 is valid. On a CGA in high-resolution mode or on a Hercules monochrome adapter, getmaxcolor returns a value of 1. Windows Notes The winb… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/time.h/ctime?rev=1708041883&do=diff ctime #include <time.h> char *ctime(const time_t *timer); Description The ctime() function shall convert the time pointed to by clock, representing time in seconds since the Epoch, to local time in the form of a string. It shall be equivalent to text/html 2013-02-03T22:59:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/limits.h/schar_min?rev=1359928790&do=diff SCHAR_MIN description of SCHAR_MIN min value of signed char (-128) text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:02+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/io/printstream/append?rev=1708042322&do=diff Appends a CharSequence append(char): PrintStream append(CharSequence): PrintStream append(CharSequence, int start, int end): PrintStream return value: PrintStream Language Example int i = 42; StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(42); buf.append(i); buf.append(" is a answer to a nice question"); System.out.println(buf); text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:05+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/lang/string/replace?rev=1708042325&do=diff public String replace(CharSequence target, CharSequence replacement) description of replace this method is used to replace a char Sequence example of replace in java package replace; public class ReplaceString { public static void main(String[] args) { String str = "Hello"; str = str.replace("el", "xx"); System.out.println("String after replacement :"+ str ); } } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:24+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isxdigit?rev=1708041924&do=diff isxdigit int isxdigit(int chr); checks whether a character is hexadecimal C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isxdigit(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is a xdigit\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isspace?rev=1708041923&do=diff isspace int isspace(int chr); checks whether a character a space C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isspace(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is a space\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getx?rev=1708041954&do=diff getx Syntax of getx #include <graphics.h> int getx(void); Description of getx getx finds the current graphics position's x-coordinate. The value is viewport-relative. Example of getx /* getx example */ #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request autodetection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, ""); /* r… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/cctype/toascii?rev=1708041874&do=diff toascii int toascii (int c); a macro thats convert c into ascii chars cpp Sourcecode Example #include <iostream> /* including standard library */ #include <cctype> using namespace std; int main( void ) { int i; for (i=0x2a; i<=0x42; i++) { cout << i << " is " << static_cast<char>(toascii(i)) << endl; } } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:28+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/wcrtomb?rev=1708041928&do=diff wcrtomb #include <wchar.h> size_t wcrtomb(char *restrict, wchar_t, mbstate_t *restrict); return value C Sourcecode Example no example yet output text/html 2014-06-04T18:45:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/variables?rev=1401900353&do=diff Variables Variables are the means of storing data in a program. Say you want to make a calculator, you need to use variables. Say you want to make a program that takes in a word and then modifies it, you need to use variables. Variables can be created and “destroyed”(deconstructing comes later on so don't get your hopes up). The value or information that they store can be changed and in some cases, that you make it so, cannot be. Except for the syntax of the language, you are in control! text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:29+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/mbrtowc?rev=1708041929&do=diff mbrtowc #include <wchar.h> size_t mbrtowc(wchar_t *restrict, const char *restrict, size_t, mbstate_t *restrict); return value C Sourcecode Example no example yet output text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isalpha?rev=1708041923&do=diff isalpha int isalpha(int chr); check if a character Alphabetical C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main () { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isalpha(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is alphabetical\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:23+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isalnum?rev=1708041923&do=diff isalnum int isalnum(int chr); check if a character Alphanumeric C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main () { int i; char string[11]="Test -!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isalnum(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is alphanumeric\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:22+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/ctype.h/isgraph?rev=1708041922&do=diff isgraph int isgraph(int chr); checks for any printing character except space (' ') C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <ctype.h> int main ( void ) { int i; char string[11]="Test\n-!&%1"; for (i=0; i <= 11;i++) { if ( isgraph(string[i]) != 0 ) { printf("Character %i is a graph\n",i); } } return 0; } text/html 2017-07-30T01:49:38+02:00 https://code-reference.com/playground/c/stdio.h/printf?rev=1501372178&do=diff printf #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int printf ( const char * restrict format, ... ); Arguments The function printf prints format to STDOUT Code Description %c character value %s string of characters %d signed integer %i signed integer %f floating point value %e scientific notation, with a lowercase “e” %E scientific notation, with a uppercase “E” %g use %e or %f %G use %E or %f %o octa… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:55+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/setbkcolor?rev=1708041955&do=diff setbkcolor Syntax of setbkcolor #include <graphics.h> void setbkcolor(int color); Description of setbkcolor setbkcolor sets the background to the color specified by color. The argument color can be a name or a number as listed below. (These symbolic names are defined in graphics.h.) Name Value BLACK 0 BLUE 1 GREEN 2 CYAN 3 RED 4 MAGENTA5 BROWN 6 LIGHTGRAY 7 DARKGRAY 8 LIGHTBLUE 9 LIGHTGREEN 10 LIGHTCYAN 11 LIGHTRED 12 LIGHTMAGENTA 13 YELLOW 14 WHITE 15 Fo… text/html 2013-02-26T00:46:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_query?rev=1361835975&do=diff int mysql_query(MYSQL *mysql, const char *stmt_str) description of mysql_query mysql_query is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_query c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fseek?rev=1708041941&do=diff int fseek(FILE *stream, long int offset, int origin); Sets file position for stream stream and clears end-of-file indicator. For a binary stream, file position is set to offset bytes from the position indicated by origin: beginning of file for SEEK_SET, current position for SEEK_CUR, or end of file for SEEK_END. Behaviour is similar for a text stream, but offset must be zero or, for SEEK_SET only, a value returned by ftell. Returns non-zero on error. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:55+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/moverel?rev=1708041955&do=diff moverel Syntax of moverel #include <graphics.h> void moverel(int dx, int dy); Description of moverel moverel moves the current position (CP) dx pixels in the x direction and dy pixels in the y direction. Example of moverel /* moverel example */ #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request autodetection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ … text/html 2013-02-09T01:21:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/gettext?rev=1360369313&do=diff int gettext(int left, int top, int right, int bottom, void *dst) description of gettext copy text from a text mode window in memory. stores the text content of the rectangular area of ​​the screen, which is defined by left, top, right and bottom, and also stores it in the storage area pointed to by dst. all coordinates are absolute screen coordinates, not window-based. The top left corner has coordinates (1,1). sequentially reads the contents of the rectangle from the left to right and from … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/setvbuf?rev=1708041944&do=diff int setvbuf(FILE *stream, char *buffer, int mode, size_t size); Controls buffering for stream stream. mode is _IOFBF for full buffering, _IOLBF for line buffering, _IONBF for no buffering. Non-null buf specifies buffer of size size to be used; otherwise, a buffer is allocated. Returns non-zero on error. Call must be before any other operation on stream. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/rewind?rev=1708041944&do=diff rewind void rewind(FILE *stream); equal like fseek(stream, 0L, SEEK_SET); clearerr(stream); Resets the read pointer to the beginning of the File and clear the error indicator C Sourcecode Example /* * rewind example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/rewind */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main (void) { FILE *stream; int c; long seek_position; seek_position = 21; stream=fopen("test.txt"… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:11+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/datatypes/signed?rev=1708041911&do=diff signed signed int i; // 'signed' is default signed char -128 to 127 signed int -32768 to 32767 (signed is default) [or -2147483648 to 2147483647 if '-mnoshort' is given] signed short int -32768 to 32767 signed long int -2147483648 to 2147483647 text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/kbhit?rev=1708041948&do=diff kbhit Syntax of kbhit #include "graphics.h" int kbhit(void); Description of kbhit The kbhit function is available in the winbgim implementation of BGI graphics. You do not need to include conio.h; just include graphics.h. The function returns true (non-zero) if there is a character in the input buffer ready to read. Otherwise it returns false. In order to work, the user must click in the graphics window (i.e., the Windows focus must be in the graphics window). text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/readimagefile?rev=1708041948&do=diff readimagefile Syntax of readimagefile #include "graphics.h" void readimagefile( const char* title=NULL, int left=0, int right=0, int right=INT_MAX, int bottom=INT_MAX ); Description of readimagefile <code c> The readimagefile function is available in the winbgim implementation of BGI graphics. You do not need to include conio.h; just include graphics.h. The function reads a BMP, GIF, JPG, ICO, EMF or WMF image file and displays it in part of the current active window. The fi… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/tmpfile?rev=1708041940&do=diff FILE *tmpfile(void); tmpfile Creates temporary file which will be removed when closed or on normal program termination. standard mode (mode “wb+”) Returns stream or NULL on failure. C Sourcecode Example /* * tmpfile example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/tmpfile */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main ( void ) { FILE *stream = tmpfile(); char c; if( stream == NULL ) { perror("Er… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:29+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/mbrlen?rev=1708041929&do=diff mbrlen #include <wchar.h> size_t mbrlen(const char *restrict, size_t, mbstate_t *restrict); return value C Sourcecode Example no example yet output text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/perror?rev=1708041943&do=diff void perror(const char *str); Prints str (if non-null) and strerror(errno) to standard error as would: fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", (s != NULL ? s : ""), strerror(errno)) C Sourcecode Example /* * perror example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/perror */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main ( void ) { FILE *stream; stream = fopen("test_not_exists.txt","r"); if (stream == 0) { perror("Here c… text/html 2013-02-26T00:36:46+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_list_dbs?rev=1361835406&do=diff MYSQL_RES *mysql_list_dbs(MYSQL *mysql, const char *wild) description of mysql_list_dbs mysql_list_dbs is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_list_dbs c example no example at the moment text/html 2013-02-26T00:51:06+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_select_db?rev=1361836266&do=diff int mysql_select_db(MYSQL *mysql, const char *db) description of mysql_select_db mysql_select_db is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_select_db c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getmaxx?rev=1708041953&do=diff getmaxx Syntax of getmaxx #include <graphics.h> int getmaxx(void); Description of getmaxx getmaxx returns the maximum (screen-relative) x value for the current graphics driver and mode. For example, on a CGA in 320*200 mode, getmaxx returns 319. getmaxx is invaluable for centering, determining the boundaries of a region onscreen, and so on. text/html 2013-02-25T23:45:56+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_ssl_cipher?rev=1361832356&do=diff const char *mysql_get_ssl_cipher(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_ssl_cipher mysql_get_ssl_cipher is in work by code-reference.com if you are faster... don't hasitate and add it no example at the moment output of mysql_get_ssl_cipher c example no example at the moment text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:27+02:00 https://code-reference.com/objective-c/foundation.framework/nsnumber.h/descriptionwithlocale?rev=1708042347&do=diff descriptionWithLocale - (NSString *)descriptionWithLocale:(id)aLocale Returns a string that represents the contents of the receiver for a given locale. ObjC Sourcecode Example //** Sample Datatypes ** int myInt= 1000000; double myDouble = 3.14; float myFloat = 1.123456f; char myChar = 'w'; //** Initializing NSNumber Objects ** NSNumber *myIntNumber = [[NSNumber alloc]initWithInt:myInt]; NSNumber *myDoubleNumber = [[NSNumber alloc]initWithDouble… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/feof?rev=1708041940&do=diff int feof(FILE *stream); checks that are applied to a stream or data or the end-of-file indicator is set. Used to determine if the end of the file (stream) specified, has been reached. When a file is being read sequentially one line, or one piece of data at a time (by means of a loop, say), this is the function you check every iteration, to see if the end of the file has come. Returns non-zero if end-of-file indicator is set for stream stream. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:56+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getarccoords?rev=1708041956&do=diff getarccoords Syntax of getarccoords #include <graphics.h> void getarccoords(struct arccoordstype *arccoords); Description of getarccoords getarccoords fills in the arccoordstype structure pointed to by arccoords with information about the last call to arc. The arccoordstype structure is defined in graphics.h as follows: struct arccoordstype { int x, y; int xstart, ystart, xend, yend; }; The members of this structure are used to specify the center point (x,y), the starting position… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/wctype?rev=1708041934&do=diff wctype #include <wchar.h> wctype_t wctype(const char *); return value C Sourcecode Example no example yet output text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getmoderange?rev=1708041952&do=diff getmoderange Syntax of getmoderange #include <graphics.h> void getmoderange(int graphdriver, int *lomode, int *himode); Description of getmoderange getmoderange gets the range of valid graphics modes for the given graphics driver, graphdriver. The lowest permissible mode value is returned in *lomode, and the highest permissible value is *himode. If graphdriver specifies an invalid graphics driver, both *lomode and *himode are set to -1. If the value of graphdriver is -1, the currently l… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/utime.h/utime?rev=1708041887&do=diff int utime(const char *path, const struct utimbuf *times); text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getmaxmode?rev=1708041957&do=diff getmaxmode Syntax of getmaxmode #include <graphics.h> int getmaxmode(void); Description of getmaxmode getmaxmode lets you find out the maximum mode number for the currently loaded driver, directly from the driver. This gives it an advantage over getmoderange, which works for Borland drivers only. The minimum mode is 0. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/detectgraph?rev=1708041952&do=diff detectgraph Syntax of detectgraph #include <graphics.h> void detectgraph(int *graphdriver, int *graphmode); Description of detectgraph detectgraph detects your system's graphics adapter and chooses the mode that provides the highest resolution for that adapter. If no graphics hardware is detected, *graphdriver is set to grNotDetected (-2), and graphresult returns grNotDetected (-2). *graphdriver is an integer that specifies the graphics driver to be used. You can give it a value using a … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/printimage?rev=1708041947&do=diff printimage Syntax of printimage #include "graphics.h" void printimage( const char* title=NULL, double width_inches=7, double border_left_inches=0.75, double border_top_inches=0.75, int left=0, int right=0, int right=INT_MAX, int bottom=INT_MAX ); text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:16+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/compiler/gcc/warnings?rev=1708042336&do=diff warnings.c:3:2: means in line 3 at char 2 need a solution to check if you have some errors in your code use for gcc testcode.c -o testcode -Wall that will display all Warnings warning: control reaches end of non-void function You must add a return value at the end of your sourcecode: text/html 2013-04-10T15:55:29+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/control_structures/switch?rev=1365602129&do=diff The switch statement is a multi-select control structure. An expression is evaluated once and compared to 'constants'. In case of equality, the 'statements' that come after the 'constant' are processed. In switch 'statements' can only ordinary data types (ie, 'int', 'long', char, short, etc.) can be used. text/html 2013-02-03T22:58:28+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/limits.h/schar_max?rev=1359928708&do=diff SCHAR_MAX description of SCHAR_MAX max volume of signed char (+127) text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:33+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/wcsrtombs?rev=1708041933&do=diff #include <wchar.h> size_t wcsrtombs(char *restrict, const wchar_t **restrict, size_t, mbstate_t *restrict); return value C Sourcecode Example no example yet output text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:24+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/utilities/sizeof?rev=1708041864&do=diff Description The sizeof operator returns the number of bytes in a variable type, or the number of bytes occupied by an array. Syntax sizeof(variable) Parameters variable: any variable type or array (e.g. int, float, byte) Example code The sizeof operator is useful for dealing with arrays (such as strings) where it is convenient to be able to change the size of the array without breaking other parts of the program. text/html 2013-04-10T15:58:12+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/control_structures/switch?rev=1365602292&do=diff description The switch statement is a multi-select control structure. An expression is evaluated once and compared to 'constants'. In case of equality, the 'statements' that come after the 'constant' are processed. In switch 'statements' can only ordinary data types (ie, 'int', 'long', char, short, etc.) can be used. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/time.h/asctime?rev=1708041883&do=diff asctime char *asctime(const struct tm *timeptr); Description The function asctime() converts the time in the struct ptr to a character string of the format: Day Month Date Hour:Minute:Second Year\n\0 asctime C Sourcecode Example /* * asctime example code * http://code-reference.com/c/time.h/asctime */ #include <stdio.h> #include <time.h> int main ( void ) { time_t rawtime; struct tm * timeinfo; time ( &rawtime ); timeinfo = localtime ( &rawtime ); printf ( "Current … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:51+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/lineto?rev=1708041951&do=diff lineto Syntax of lineto #include <graphics.h> void lineto(int x, int y); Description of lineto lineto draws a line from the CP (current position) to (x,y), then moves the CP to (x,y). Example of lineto /* lineto example */ #include <graphics.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <conio.h> int main(void) { /* request autodetection */ int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; char msg[80]; /* initialize graphics and local variables */ initgraph(&gdriver, &… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getmaxy?rev=1708041953&do=diff getmaxy Syntax of getmaxy #include <graphics.h> int getmaxy(void); Description of getmaxy getmaxy returns the maximum (screen-relative) y value for the current graphics driver and mode. For example, on a CGA in 320*200 mode, getmaxy returns 199. getmaxy is invaluable for centering, determining the boundaries of a region onscreen, and so on. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:55+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/initgraph?rev=1708041955&do=diff initgraph Syntax of initgraph #include <graphics.h> void initgraph(int *graphdriver, int *graphmode, char *pathtodriver); Description of initgraph initgraph initializes the graphics system by loading a graphics driver from disk (or validating a registered driver), and putting the system into graphics mode. To start the graphics system, first call the initgraph function. initgraph loads the graphics driver and puts the system into graphics mode. You can tell initgraph to use a particular…