https://code-reference.com/ 2026-05-18T19:23:15+02:00 https://code-reference.com/ https://code-reference.com/ttps://code-reference.com/lib/tpl/dokuwiki/images/favicon.ico text/html 2013-02-26T16:34:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_info?rev=1361892865&do=diff const char *mysql_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_info A character string containing additional information about the most recent query. NULL if no information about the request are available. compile with gcc mysql_info.c -o mysql_info `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/mysql_bruteforce?rev=1708041925&do=diff MySQL Bruteforce written while a boring day more information on <http://code-reference.com> #include <stdio.h> #include <mysql/mysql.h> #include <curses.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdlib.h> // Deutsch oder English #define GER 1 #define ENG 0 /* ************************************************************************************************** * MYSQL Bruteforce Programm aus purer lange Weile geschrieben * 23.03 2010 by cd * * gcc mysql-bruteforce.c -o mysql-bruteforce -lmysqlcli… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:12+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/string?rev=1708041852&do=diff Description Text strings can be represented in two ways. you can use the String data type, which is part of the core as of version 0019, or you can make a string out of an array of type char and null-terminate it. This page described the latter method. For more details on the String object, which gives you more functionality at the cost of more memory, see the String object page. text/html 2013-02-26T23:50:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_commit?rev=1361919057&do=diff my_bool mysql_commit(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_commit mysql_commit Commits the current transaction. The action of this function is subject to the value of the completion_type system variable. if the value of completion_type is 2, the server performs a release after terminating a transaction and closes the client connection. The client program should call mysql_close(). text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/realloc?rev=1708041890&do=diff realloc #include <stdlib.h> void *realloc(void *ptr, size_t size); description The realloc() function shall change the size of the memory object pointed to by ptr to the size specified by size. The contents of the object shall remain unchanged up to the lesser of the new and old sizes. If the new size of the memory object would require movement of the object, the space for the previous instantiation of the object is freed. If the new size is larger, the contents of the newly a… text/html 2013-02-26T22:36:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_affected_rows?rev=1361914596&do=diff my_ulonglong mysql_affected_rows(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_affected_rows Returns the number of the last UPDATE , DELETE, INSERT. Can be called for UPDATE, DELETE, or INSERT statements directly to mysql_query(). In SELECT statements, mysql_affected_rows() works like mysql_num_rows(). text/html 2013-03-01T00:27:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_fetch_field?rev=1362094056&do=diff MYSQL_FIELD *mysql_fetch_field(MYSQL_RES *result) description of mysql_fetch_field mysql_fetch_field provides a structure MYSQL_FIELD with information about the current field of quantitative results and advance the field pointer to the next field text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:13+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_character_set_name?rev=1708042333&do=diff const char *mysql_character_set_name(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_character_set_name mysql_character_set_name returns the default character set for the current connection. #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(pass,"password"); if (my == NULL ) { printf("Cant initalisize MySQL\n"… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/calloc?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> void *calloc(size_t nitems, size_t size); description The calloc() function shall allocate unused space for an array of nelem elements each of whose size in bytes is elsize. The space shall be initialized to all bits 0. The order and contiguity of storage allocated by successive calls to calloc() is unspecified. The pointer returned if the allocation succeeds shall be suitably aligned so that it may be assigned to a pointer to any type of object and then used… text/html 2013-02-26T14:56:11+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_host_info?rev=1361886971&do=diff const char *mysql_get_host_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_host_info returns the mysql host information compile with gcc mysql_get_host_info.c -o mysql_get_host_info `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"user"); sprintf(pass,"pass"); if (my == NULL ) { pri… text/html 2013-02-26T15:14:05+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_server_version?rev=1361888045&do=diff unsigned long mysql_get_server_version(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_server_version mysql_get_server_version() returns the current version of your mysql client usualy returns the number in the following format XXYYZZ XX mainversion YY release level ZZ current version number text/html 2013-02-28T01:21:08+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_escape_string?rev=1362010868&do=diff unsigned long mysql_escape_string(MYSQL *mysql, char *to, const char *from, unsigned long length) description of mysql_escape_string mysql_escape_string escape a mysql string ” will be escaped ; will not be escaped ! mysql_escape_string is outdated use mysql_real_escape_string instead ! text/html 2013-02-27T23:02:56+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_data_seek?rev=1362002576&do=diff void mysql_data_seek(MYSQL_RES *result, my_ulonglong offset) description of mysql_data_seek mysql_data_seek find any row in a result set. the offset value is a row number from 0 to mysql_num_rows (result) -1. As required for this feature is that the result set structure contains the entire result set, can mysql_data_seek() may be used only in conjunction with mysql_store_result(), not with mysql_use_result(). text/html 2013-02-26T23:03:03+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_change_user?rev=1361916183&do=diff my_bool mysql_change_user(MYSQL *mysql, const char *user, const char *password, const char *db) description of mysql_change_user mysql_change_user is used to change the current user for the actual connection #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_ROW row; MYSQL_RES *mysql_res; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(p… text/html 2013-02-27T23:56:30+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_errno?rev=1362005790&do=diff unsigned int mysql_errno(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_errno returns the error number for the last unsuccessful running function. if the function is successful, it returns 0. in case of an error the error number and the type of error appears text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/malloc?rev=1708041892&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> void *malloc(size_t size); description The malloc() function shall allocate unused space for an object whose size in bytes is specified by size and whose value is unspecified. The order and contiguity of storage allocated by successive calls to malloc() is unspecified. The pointer returned if the allocation succeeds shall be suitably aligned so that it may be assigned to a pointer to any type of object and then used to access such an object in the space allocated… text/html 2013-02-27T23:16:26+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_drop_db?rev=1362003386&do=diff int mysql_drop_db(MYSQL *mysql, const char *db) description of mysql_drop_db mysql_drop_db deletes the specified database in the db parameter. this function is obsolete. Please instead use mysql_query () to issue an SQL DROP DATABASE statement. #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(pass,… text/html 2013-02-26T23:56:06+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_create_db?rev=1361919366&do=diff int mysql_create_db(MYSQL *mysql, const char *db) description of mysql_create_db creates the database named by the db parameter. mysql_create_db deprecated use mysql_query() to create a database #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_ROW row; MYSQL_RES *mysql_res; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; unsigned long numrows = 0; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"usernam… text/html 2013-02-26T15:05:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_server_info?rev=1361887552&do=diff const char *mysql_get_server_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_server_info returns current remote server information compile with gcc mysql_get_server_info.c -o mysql_get_server_info `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"user"); sprintf(pass,"pass"); if (my… text/html 2024-02-16T01:12:07+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_real_connect?rev=1708042327&do=diff #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *mysql_real_connect( MYSQL *mysql, const char *host, const char *user, const char *password, const char *database, unsigned int port, const char *unix_socket, unsigned int client_flag ); text/html 2013-02-28T00:07:19+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_error?rev=1362006439&do=diff const char *mysql_error(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_error provides the error description of the last failed function. the function was executed successfully, it returns an empty string #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_RES *result; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(pass,"password"); if (my == NULL ) { pr… text/html 2013-02-03T20:39:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_close?rev=1359920392&do=diff void mysql_close(MYSQL *mysql); description of mysql_close close a previously opened connection and deallocates the connection handle pointet to mysql if a pointer was set before from mysql_init #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"root"); sprintf… text/html 2013-03-01T01:07:32+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_fetch_fields?rev=1362096452&do=diff MYSQL_FIELD *mysql_fetch_fields(MYSQL_RES *result) description of mysql_fetch_fields mysql_fetch_fields provides an array of information about the fields in a amount of result #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_RES *result; MYSQL_FIELD *fields; int main( void ) { char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"username"); sprintf(pass,"password"); if (my == NULL … text/html 2013-02-26T15:14:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_get_proto_info?rev=1361888088&do=diff unsigned int mysql_get_proto_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_get_proto_info returns Protocol Version of current connection compile with gcc mysql_get_host_info.c -o mysql_get_host_info `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"user"); sprintf(pass,"pass"); if (my … text/html 2013-02-03T20:35:58+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_init?rev=1359920158&do=diff MYSQL *mysql_init(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_init allocates / initializes a MYSQL object and returns a new object #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(user,"root"); sprintf(pass,"yourpass"); if (my == NULL ) { printf("Cant initalisize MySQL\n"); … text/html 2013-02-27T23:12:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_debug?rev=1362003170&do=diff void mysql_debug(const char *debug) description of mysql_debug Use this to set debugging if the client was compiled with debugging. The set of options used by default is 'd:t:o,logname'. See the table at the end of the list of options for the mysqldump utility for an explanation of these flags and others that may be used. text/html 2013-02-27T23:23:59+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_dump_debug_info?rev=1362003839&do=diff int mysql_dump_debug_info(MYSQL *mysql) description of mysql_dump_debug_info mysql_dump_debug_info writes debugging information for the current connection in the logfile of the servers. the user must have administrator rights return 1 if success 0 otherwise text/html 2013-02-27T23:46:26+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_eof?rev=1362005186&do=diff my_bool mysql_eof(MYSQL_RES *result) description of mysql_eof is used to test whether a quantitative result has been read completely. returns 0 until the end of the results has not yet been reached otherwise value is 0 This function is obsolete,use mysql_errno() or mysql_error() text/html 2013-02-26T22:54:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/mysql/mysql.h/mysql_autocommit?rev=1361915690&do=diff my_bool mysql_autocommit(MYSQL *mysql, my_bool mode) description of mysql_autocommit mysql_autocommit set the autocommit 0 is off 1 is on compile with gcc mysql_autocommit.c -o mysql_autocommit `mysql_config –cflags –libs` -Wall #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <mysql/mysql.h> MYSQL *my; MYSQL_ROW row; MYSQL_RES *mysql_res; int main( void ){ char host[20]; char user[20]; char pass[20]; my = mysql_init(NULL); sprintf(host,"localhost"); sprintf(us… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/setvbuf?rev=1708041944&do=diff int setvbuf(FILE *stream, char *buffer, int mode, size_t size); Controls buffering for stream stream. mode is _IOFBF for full buffering, _IOLBF for line buffering, _IONBF for no buffering. Non-null buf specifies buffer of size size to be used; otherwise, a buffer is allocated. Returns non-zero on error. Call must be before any other operation on stream. text/html 2013-02-09T01:10:31+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/getpass?rev=1360368631&do=diff char *getpass(const char *ptr); description of getpass reads a password getpass reads a password from the system console, after the user is prompted for a password to a null-terminated string and display the password has been disabled. A pointer to a null-terminated string of up to eight characters (not counting null terminator) is returned. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:39+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/tmpnam?rev=1708041939&do=diff tmpnam char *tmpnam(char *str); Assigns to s (if s non-null) and returns unique name for a temporary file. Unique name is returned for each of the first TMP_MAX invocations. C Sourcecode Example /* * tmpnam example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/tmpnam */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main ( void ) { FILE *tmpstream; char *tmpfile; tmpfile = tmpnam(NULL); tmpstream= fopen(tmpfile, "… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/ftp_scanner?rev=1708041925&do=diff simple ftp scanner written by MoD and ZehDeh 2001 example of a simple ftp scanner in c #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/select.h> void logintoftp(); char tmp[256]; char name[300], pass[300], buf[300], buf2[300]; char snd[1024], rcv[1024]; int n; int sockfd; int main(int argc, char **argv) { char sendln[1024], recvln[4048], buf1[800], buf2[1000]; char *p, *q; int len, offset =… text/html 2013-02-03T21:21:05+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/cgets?rev=1359922865&do=diff char *cgets(char *str); description of cgets Reads a string from the console. cgets reads a string of characters from the console and stores the string (and the string length) in the location pointed to by str. cgets reads as long as a sign to mark the combination carriage return / line feed (CR / LF) occurs or the maximum number of characters has been read. When reading cgets the CR / LF combination is replaced by the combination of characters \ 0 (null terminator) before the string is… text/html 2015-05-04T11:13:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fopen?rev=1430730823&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ FILE * fopen (const char * restrict path, const char * restrict mode) Opens file named restrict path and returns a stream, or NULL on failure. mode may be one of the following for files or one of those strings with b included (after the first character), for binary files. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fgets?rev=1708041940&do=diff fgets char *fgets(char *str, int n, FILE *stream); Copies characters from (input) stream stream to sstr, stopping when n-1 characters copied, newline copied, end-of-file reached or error occurs. If no error, str is NUL-terminated. Returns NULL on end-of-file or error, str otherwise. text/html 2013-03-06T21:20:46+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/time?rev=1362601246&do=diff Time Manipulation clock Clock program (function ) difftime return difference between two times (function ) mktime Convert tm structure to time_t (function ) time Get current time (function ) Conversion text/html 2013-03-06T21:27:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/cpp/ctime?rev=1362601677&do=diff Time Manipulation Functions clock Clock program difftime return difference between two times mktime Convert tm structure to time_t time Get current time Conversion Functions text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/tmpfile?rev=1708041940&do=diff FILE *tmpfile(void); tmpfile Creates temporary file which will be removed when closed or on normal program termination. standard mode (mode “wb+”) Returns stream or NULL on failure. C Sourcecode Example /* * tmpfile example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/tmpfile */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main ( void ) { FILE *stream = tmpfile(); char c; if( stream == NULL ) { perror("Er… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/hostscanner?rev=1708041925&do=diff #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #define fir 16777216 #define sec 65536 #define the 256 int s; struct sockaddr_in addr; char rmt_host[100]; int skan(port) int port; { int r; s = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if (s < 0) { printf("ERROR: socket() failed\n"); exit(0); } addr.sin_family = PF_INET; addr.sin_port = htons(port); addr.sin_addr.s_addr = … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/perror?rev=1708041943&do=diff void perror(const char *str); Prints str (if non-null) and strerror(errno) to standard error as would: fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", (s != NULL ? s : ""), strerror(errno)) C Sourcecode Example /* * perror example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/perror */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main ( void ) { FILE *stream; stream = fopen("test_not_exists.txt","r"); if (stream == 0) { perror("Here c… text/html 2015-05-06T23:08:57+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/writeimagefile?rev=1430946537&do=diff writeimagefile Syntax of writeimagefile #include "graphics.h" void writeimagefile( const char* title=NULL, double width_inches=7, double border_left_inches=0.75, double border_top_inches=0.75, int left=0, int right=0, int right=INT_MAX, int bottom=INT_MAX ); text/html 2013-02-25T14:50:30+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fdopen?rev=1361800230&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ FILE *fdopen(int fildes, const char *mode); description of fdopen fdopen() is the counterpart to fileno(). As a mode, such as the file is opened, the same modes as the can open() can be used. fdopen() is often applied to file descriptors that are returned from functions that set up the pipes or channels of communication in networks. This is because some functions like open(), dup(), dup2(), fcntl(), pipe(), ... in networks can not do anythi… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputc?rev=1708041941&do=diff fputc int fputc(int ch, FILE *stream); Writes ch, to stream stream. Returns ch, or EOF on error. C Sourcecode Example /* * fputc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputc */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream, *stream_target; char c; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","rb"))==NULL) { printf("Cannot open file.\n"); return 1; } if((stream_targ… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/rand?rev=1708041889&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> int rand(void); Description Generates a random Number <time.h> is for this example nessesary rand C Sourcecode Example 1 /* * rand example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/rand */ #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <time.h> /* for srand salt */ int main ( void ) { int i; /* initialize random generator */ /* without srand, rand will generate only once random numbers */ srand ( time(NULL) ); /* comment it out to see what happen… text/html 2014-10-12T05:22:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/free?rev=1413084164&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> void free(void *ptr); description The free() function shall cause the space pointed to by ptr to be deallocated; that is, made available for further allocation. If ptr is a null pointer, no action shall occur. Otherwise, if the argument does not match a pointer earlier returned by the calloc(), malloc(), posix_memalign(), realloc(), or strdup() function, or if the space has been deallocated by a call to free() or realloc(), the behavior is undefined. Any use of … text/html 2013-01-13T17:10:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/keywords/null?rev=1358093454&do=diff NULL A Macro (NULL Pointer constant) does not point anywhere either 0, 0L, or (void *)0 text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:34+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/wchar.h/fgetws?rev=1708041934&do=diff fgetws #include <wchar.h> wchar_t *fgetws(wchar_t *restrict, int, FILE *stream); Description fgetws reads wide characters into “*restrict” from “stream” fgetws will also stop reading if it encounters a newline character. In which case, the newline character will put into the string as long as the number of characters does not exceed “length - 1”. The function will also stop reading if it reaches the end of the stream. If an error or EOF occurs, the function returns NULL inste… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/readimagefile?rev=1708041948&do=diff readimagefile Syntax of readimagefile #include "graphics.h" void readimagefile( const char* title=NULL, int left=0, int right=0, int right=INT_MAX, int bottom=INT_MAX ); Description of readimagefile <code c> The readimagefile function is available in the winbgim implementation of BGI graphics. You do not need to include conio.h; just include graphics.h. The function reads a BMP, GIF, JPG, ICO, EMF or WMF image file and displays it in part of the current active window. The fi… text/html 2013-02-17T01:47:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strrchr?rev=1361062063&do=diff strrchr #include <stdlib.h> char *strrchr(const char *str, int c); description of strrchr strrchr () is a string function that finds the last occurrence of a character in a string. As a result, the pointer comes to this character or the null pointer if this character is not found. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/getenv?rev=1708041890&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *getenv(const char *name); getenv matches the string pointed to by name returns a pointer to the value in the environment, or NULL if there is no match. getenv C Sourcecode Example /* * getenv example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/getenv */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <stdlib.h> int main ( void ) { char *env; env = getenv ("USER"); if (env!=NULL)… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:54+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/showerrorbox?rev=1708041954&do=diff showerrorbox Syntax of showerrorbox #include "graphics.h" void showerrorbox(const char* message=NULL); Description of showerrorbox The showerrorbox function is available in the winbgim implementation of BGI graphics. You do not need to include conio.h; just include graphics.h. The function opens a windows error message box with the specified message (or a standard message if the message parameter is NULL). The message box waits for the user to click on OK button before showerrorbox retu… text/html 2013-02-23T18:10:45+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strtok?rev=1361639445&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *strtok(char *str1, const char *str2); description of strtok Function strtok breaks a string (str1) into individual strings based on the so-called token. The string is separated by one delimiter (str2). “str2” may contain multiple tokens, e.g. str2 = “\ n” (ie separation in space, comma, New Line, Point). text/html 2013-09-04T17:20:16+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strncat?rev=1378308016&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *strncat(char *dest, const char *src, size_t n); appends the src string to the dest string, overwriting the null byte ('\0') at the end of dest, and then adds a terminating null byte. The strings may not overlap, and the dest string must have enough space for the result. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:47+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/printimage?rev=1708041947&do=diff printimage Syntax of printimage #include "graphics.h" void printimage( const char* title=NULL, double width_inches=7, double border_left_inches=0.75, double border_top_inches=0.75, int left=0, int right=0, int right=INT_MAX, int bottom=INT_MAX ); text/html 2013-02-17T03:15:08+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcat?rev=1361067308&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> char *strcat(char *str1, const char *str2); description of strcat The strcat function concatenates two strings. str1 = target string to be added to source str2 = source string to copied, including '\ 0' at the end of destination. null byte of destination will be overwritten. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/atof?rev=1708041888&do=diff atof #include <stdlib.h> double atof(const char *str); Description The atof() function converts the initial portion of the string pointed to by nptr to double. The behavior is the same as strtod(nptr, (char **) NULL); except that atof() does not detect errors. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:11+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/data_types/array?rev=1708041851&do=diff An array is a collection of variables that are accessed with an index number. Arrays in the C programming language, on which Arduino is based, can be complicated, but using simple arrays is relatively straightforward. Creating (Declaring) an Array All of the methods below are valid ways to create (declare) an array. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/time.h/ctime?rev=1708041883&do=diff ctime #include <time.h> char *ctime(const time_t *timer); Description The ctime() function shall convert the time pointed to by clock, representing time in seconds since the Epoch, to local time in the form of a string. It shall be equivalent to text/html 2014-12-04T13:27:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fgetc?rev=1417696073&do=diff fgetc int fgetc ( FILE * stream ); Returns next character from (input) stream stream, or EOF on end-of-file or error. C Sourcecode Example /* * fgetc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fgetc */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream; char c; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","r"))==NULL) { printf("Cannot open file.\n"); return 1; } while((c = fget… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:25+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/examples/port_scanner?rev=1708041925&do=diff compile with gcc portscanner.c -o portscanner portscanner c example /* * This example is a very simple Portscanner * for c network programming * http://code-reference.com/c/examples/port_scanner */ #include <stdio.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <netinet/in.h> #include <errno.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <signal.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { int probeport = 0; struct hostent *host; int err, i, net,a,b,c,d,anz,x,w; struct sockaddr_in sa; struct servent *bar; … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:42+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/getc?rev=1708041942&do=diff getc int getc(FILE *stream); Returns next character from (input) stream stream, or EOF on end-of-file or error. C Sourcecode Example /* * getc example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/getc */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream; int c; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","r"))==NULL) { printf("Cannot open file.\n"); return 1; } whi… text/html 2013-02-17T03:02:49+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strxfrm?rev=1361066569&do=diff #include <stdlib.h> size_t strxfrm(char *str1, const char *str2, size_t n); description of strxfrm The function strxfrm () transforms a null-terminated C string according to local settings. Thus the string can be safely compared using strcmp () with another. The transformed string is stored in a new string. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:58+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getimage?rev=1708041958&do=diff getimage Syntax of getimage #include <graphics.h> void getimage(int left, int top, int right, int bottom, void *bitmap); Description of getimage getimage copies an image from the screen to memory. left, top, right, and bottom define the screen area to which the rectangle is copied. bitmap points to the area in memory where the bit image is stored. The first two words of this area are used for the width and height of the rectangle; the remainder holds the image itself. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/graphics.h/getdefaultpalette?rev=1708041953&do=diff getdefaultpalette Syntax of getdefaultpalette #include <graphics.h> struct palettetype *getdefaultpalette(void); Description of getdefaultpalette getdefaultpalette finds the palettetype structure that contains the palette initialized by the driver during initgraph. text/html 2013-02-03T21:07:29+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/conio.h/cputs?rev=1359922049&do=diff int cputs(const char *str); description of cputs Returns a string to the screen. cputs is the null-terminated string from str in the current text window. The newline character is not here appended to the string. Depending _directvideo of the global variable, the string is written either directly or through a BIOS call to screen memory. To contrast to fprintf and printf, not translated cputs line character (\ n) in the combination of characters carriage return / line feed (\ r \ n). text/html 2024-02-16T01:06:14+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/memchr?rev=1708041974&do=diff void *memchr(const void *str, int c, size_t n); memchr finds the firs occurrence of a character and return a pointer to it. #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> int main( void ) { char string[] = "Find the firs occurrence of a character and count it !"; if( memchr(string,'o',strlen(string)) == NULL ) { printf( "Cant find o character\n" ); } else { printf( "found character o at po… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputchar?rev=1708041943&do=diff int fputchar( int c ); description The fputchar() function writes the character specified by the argument c to the output stream stdout. This function is identical to the putchar() function. example #include <stdio.h> int main( void ) { FILE *fp; int c; fp = fopen( "file.txt", "r" ); if( fp != NULL ) { c = fgetc( fp ); while( c != EOF ) { fputchar( c ); c = fgetc( fp ); } fclose( fp ); } } text/html 2013-02-17T03:59:12+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fgetpos?rev=1361069952&do=diff int fgetpos(FILE *stream, fpos_t *pos); Stores current file position for stream stream in *pos. Returns non-zero on error. Description The fgetpos() function stores the file position indicator of the given file stream in the given position variable. The position variable is of type fpos_t (which is defined in stdio.h) and is an object that can hold every possible position in a FILE. fgetpos() returns zero upon success, and a non-zero value upon failure. text/html 2013-07-26T11:32:21+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/ferror?rev=1374831141&do=diff ferror int ferror(FILE *stream); the function ferror tests the error indicator for the stream pointed to by stream, returning non-zero if it is set. The error indicator can only be reset by the clearerr function. Returns non-zero if error indicator is set for stream stream. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:42+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fclose?rev=1708041942&do=diff fclose #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ int fclose( FILE *stream ); Description Close the current stream / file Used to close the specified file (stream). You should always use this function, to clean up after using a file. Any data that has been written to the file, but not actually made it that far yet, i.e. which has only been written to the file buffer in memory, will then be actually written to the physical file itself by the operating system. The space i… text/html 2013-02-25T16:22:36+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/vfscanf?rev=1361805756&do=diff int vfscanf ( FILE * stream, const char * format, va_list arg ); description of vfscanf The vscanf(), vfscanf(), and vsscanf() functions shall be equivalent to the scanf(), fscanf(), and sscanf() functions, respectively, except that instead of being called with a variable number of arguments, they are called with an argument list as defined in the <stdarg.h> header. These functions shall not invoke the va_end macro. As these functions invoke the va_arg macro, the value of ap after the return … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/gets?rev=1708041941&do=diff gets char *gets(char *str); Copies characters from stdin into str until newline encountered, end-of-file reached, or error occurs. Does not copy newline. NUL-terminates s. Returns str, or NULL on end-of-file or error. Should not be used because of the potential for buffer overflow. text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:24+02:00 https://code-reference.com/arduino/utilities/sizeof?rev=1708041864&do=diff Description The sizeof operator returns the number of bytes in a variable type, or the number of bytes occupied by an array. Syntax sizeof(variable) Parameters variable: any variable type or array (e.g. int, float, byte) Example code The sizeof operator is useful for dealing with arrays (such as strings) where it is convenient to be able to change the size of the array without breaking other parts of the program. text/html 2013-04-15T09:30:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/java/io/printstream/format?rev=1366011044&do=diff format args to the format string format and write the result to the stream format(String format, Object... args); return value: stream sign Description 0 if the place is not busy they prints a 0 # if the place is not busy they prints nothing . decimal separator Separates and decimal places. , Groups the numbers (a group is as large as the distance from ”,” to ”.”). ; Delimiter. To the left of the pattern is positive, the right for negative numbers. - The default character for the negative… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:59+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/keywords/file?rev=1708041959&do=diff FILE FILE Pointer (stream) shows on a given file The data type FILE is a structure that contains information about a file or specified data stream. It includes such information as a file descriptor, current position, status flags, and more. It is most often used as a pointer to a file type, as file I/O functions predominantly take pointers as parameters, not the structures themselves (see example below). C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#inclu… text/html 2013-02-25T15:56:52+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/snprintf?rev=1361804212&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int snprintf(char *restrict s, size_t n, const char *restrict format, ...); description of snprintf The function snprintf() format the format specified by arguments of the printf format specification and writes the result to the specified string by dest. size specifies the maximum length of the string at least. The string in least receive in any case a terminating NULL character. In no… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fsetpos?rev=1708041944&do=diff int fsetpos(FILE *stream, const fpos_t *pos); reset the position indicator to using fsetpos() stores the current file position indicator to the location indicated by the information in pos Returns non-zero on error. C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream; fpos_t file_pos; int c; int i; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","r"))==NULL) { printf("Ca… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fflush?rev=1708041940&do=diff fflush int fflush(FILE *stream); Flushes stream stream and returns zero on success or EOF on error. Effect undefined for input stream. fflush(NULL) flushes all output streams. C Sourcecode Example /* * fflush example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fflush */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #define MAX 80 int main( void ) { FILE *filestream = fopen("test.txt", "rt+"); char buffer[MAX]; i… text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:48+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/bsearch?rev=1708041888&do=diff bsearch #include <stdlib.h> void *bsearch(const void *key, const void *base, size_t nitems, size_t size, int (*compare)(const void *, const void *)); key - The element that is searched for base - pointer to the first element of the array to be searched nitems - number of elements in the array size - size of a single element compare - comparison function to compare two elements together. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:43+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/ungetc?rev=1708041943&do=diff ungetc #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int ungetc(int chr, FILE *stream); Pushes chr (which must not be EOF), onto (input) stream stream such that it will be returned by the next read. Only one character of pushback is guaranteed (for each stream). Returns chr, or EOF on error. text/html 2014-05-30T21:51:53+02:00 https://code-reference.com/objective-c/foundation.framework/nsdictionary.h/initwithobjectsandkeys?rev=1401479513&do=diff initWithObjectsAndKeys - (instancetype)initWithObjectsAndKeys:(id)firstObject, (NSString*)firstKey, ... Initializes a newly allocated dictionary with entries constructed from the specified set of values and keys. Return Value - NSDictionary text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:40+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/ftell?rev=1708041940&do=diff ftell long int ftell(FILE *stream); Returns current file position for stream stream, or -1 on error. C Sourcecode Example #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream; int c; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","r"))==NULL) { printf("Cannot open file.\n"); return 1; } while((c = fgetc(stream) ) != EOF) { printf("position of pointer in the stream i… text/html 2014-04-05T05:04:09+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcpy?rev=1396667049&do=diff #include <string.h> char *strcpy(char *str1, const char *str2); Description strcpy copy a c string pointed by str2 into the array pointed by str1 including the terminating null character. strcpy C Example Code /* * strcpy c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strcpy */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ #include <string.h> int main( void ) { char string[] = "copy me"; /* the size of the array is calculated automatically */ char string2[20]; … text/html 2015-01-10T19:10:59+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strchr?rev=1420913459&do=diff char *strchr(const char *str, int c); strchr finds the first occurrence of a character and return a pointer to it. C Sourcecode Example /* * strchr c example code * http://code-reference.com/c/string.h/strchr */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ #include <string.h> int main( void ) { char *ptr; char string[] = "Find the first occurrence of a character and count it !"; if( strchr(string,'o') == NULL ) printf(… text/html 2013-01-07T21:39:31+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputs?rev=1357591171&do=diff int fputs(const char *str, FILE *stream); Writes str, to (output) stream stream. Returns non-negative on success or EOF on error. C Sourcecode Example /* * fputs example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/fputs */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream; if((stream=fopen("test.txt","w"))==NULL) { printf("Cannot open file for writing.\n"); return 1; } … text/html 2024-02-16T01:04:50+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdlib.h/srand?rev=1708041890&do=diff srand #include <stdlib.h> void srand(unsigned int seed); Description srand is used to initialize the random number generator. The use of date / time to initialize the generator means that the generated sequence of numbers “random” is. text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:41+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/setbuf?rev=1708041941&do=diff void setbuf(FILE *stream, char *buffer); Controls buffering for stream stream. For null buf, turns off buffering, otherwise equivalent to (void)setvbuf(stream, buf, _IOFBF, BUFSIZ). setbuf is deprecated use setvbuf instead C Sourcecode Example /* * setbuf example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/setbuf */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *stream = fopen("test.txt", "w"); … text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:44+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/clearerr?rev=1708041944&do=diff clearerr void clearerr(FILE *stream); Description The clearerr function resets the error flags and EOF indicator for the given stream. When an error occurs, you can use |perror()| to figure out which error actually occurred. clearerr C Sourcecode Example /* * clearerr example code * http://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/clearerr */ #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ int main( void ) { FILE *handle; ha… text/html 2024-02-16T01:05:45+02:00 https://code-reference.com/c/stdio.h/freopen?rev=1708041945&do=diff #include <stdio.h> /* including standard library */ //#include <windows.h> /* uncomment this for Windows */ FILE *freopen( const char *fname, const char *mode, FILE *stream ); closes file associated with stream, then opens file filename with specified mode and associates it with stream. Returns stream or NULL on error.